Downscaling Forgery Detection using Pixel Values Gradients of Digital Image

Title & Authors
Downscaling Forgery Detection using Pixel Values Gradients of Digital Image
RHEE, Kang Hyeon;

Abstract
The used digital images in the smart device and small displayer has been a downscaled image. In this paper, the detection of the downscaling image forgery is proposed using the feature vector according to the pixel values gradients. In the proposed algorithm, AR (Autoregressive) coefficients are computed from pixel values gradients of the image. These coefficients as the feature vectors are used in the learning of a SVM (Support Vector Machine) classification for the downscaling image forgery detector. On the performance of the proposed algorithm, it is excellent at the downscaling 90% image forgery compare to MFR (Median Filter Residual) scheme that had the same 10-Dim. feature vectors and 686-Dim. SPAM (Subtractive Pixel Adjacency Matrix) scheme. In averaging filtering ($\small{3{\times}3}$) and median filtering ($\small{3{\times}3}$) images, it has a higher detection ratio. Especially, the measured performances of all items in averaging and median filtering ($\small{3{\times}3}$), AUC (Area Under Curve) by the sensitivity and 1-specificity is approached to 1. Thus, it is confirmed that the grade evaluation of the proposed algorithm is Excellent (A).
Keywords
Downscaling forgery image;Digital image forensic;Pixel value`s gradient;Downscaling forgery detection;
Language
Korean
Cited by
References
1.
Kang Hyeon RHEE, "Median Filtering Detection using Latent Growth Modeling," THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERS, Journal of The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers, Vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 61-68, 2015.1.

2.
Kang Hyeon RHEE, "Image Forensic Decision Algorithm using Edge Energy Information of Forgery Image," THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERS, Journal of The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 75-81, 2014.3.

3.
Kang Hyeon RHEE, "Forensic Decision of Median Filtering by Pixel Value's Gradients of Digital Image," THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERS, Journal of The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers, Vol. 52, No. 6, pp. 79-84, 2015.6.

4.
Kang Hyeon RHEE, "Forensic Decision of Median Filtering Image Using a Coefficient of Variation of Fourier Transform," THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERS, Journal of The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers, Vol. 52, No. 8, 2015.8.

5.
Xiangui Kang, Matthew C. Stamm, Anjie Peng, and K. J. Ray Liu, "Robust Median Filtering Forensics Using an Autoregressive Model," IEEE Trans. on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 1456-1468, Sept. 2013.

6.
Tomas Pevny, "Steganalysis by Subtractive Pixel Adjacency Matrix," Information Forensics and Security, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 5, pp. 215-224, 2010.

7.
Kang Hyeon RHEE, "Median Filtering Detection Using Variation of Neighboring Line Pairs for Image Forensic," The 5th IEEE ICCE-Berlin Sept. 6-9, 2015, pp. 103-107, Sept. 2015

8.
http://homepages.lboro.ac.uk/-cogs/datasets/ucid/ucid.html (2015.4.1)