Publisher : The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture
DOI : 10.5338/KJEA.2009.28.2.186
Title & Authors
Removal of Herbicide Glyphosate in a Drinking Water Treatment System Navee, Angsuputiphant; Kim, Jang-Eok;
Abstract
The removal efficiency of herbicide glyphosate in a drinking water treatment system was investigated. Four major processes of a drinking water treatment system were selected and experiments were performed separately including; treatments by sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), a sedimentation process by PAC (polyaluminum chloride), ozonation and a GAC (granular activated carbon) treatment. In the sodium hypochlorite experiment, about 50% of the glyphosate was removed by 2 mg/L of hypochlorite and more than 90% was eliminated when 5 mg/L of NaOCl was applied. Also, AMPA, the main metabolite of glyphosate, was treated with hypochlorite. More than 30% of the AMPA was removed by 2 mg/L of hypochlorite and 50% by 5 mg/L. In the PAC experiment, it was determined that more than 60% could be removed. Further experiments were performed and the results indicated that the removed amount was dependent upon the amount of soil and upon the properties of the soil especially that of clay minerals. Ozonation could oxidize glyphosate to its byproducts at about a level of 50%. In contrast, when 1 mg/L of glyphosate was treated with GAC, the amount removed was negligible. The results of this experiment were conclusive. We confirmed that drinking water, which has been contaminated with water polluted with glyphosate can be effectively purified by the application of the drinking water treatment processes currently used
Shifu, C. and Yunzhang, L. (2007) Study on the photocatalytic degradation of glyphosate by TiO2 photocatalyst, Chemosphere. 67, 1010-1017
2.
Baylis, A. D. (2000) Why glyphosate is a global herbicide: strengths, weaknesses and prospects, Pest. Manage. Sci. 56, 299-308
3.
Woodburn, A. (2000) Glyphosate: production, pricing and use worldwide, Pest. Manage. Sci. 56, 309-312
4.
Bolognesi, C., Bonatti, S., Degan, P., Gallerani, E., Peluso, M., Rabboni, R., Roggieri, P. and Abbondandolo, A. (1997) Genotoxic activity of glyphosate and its technical formulation Roundup, J. Agric. Food Chem. 45, 1957-62
5.
Edwards, W. M., Triplett Jr, G. B. and Kramer, R. M. (1980) A watershed study of glyphosate transport in runoff, J. Environ. Qual. 4, 661-665
6.
Schweinsberg, F., Abke, W., Rieth, K., Rohmann, U. and Zullei-Seibert, N. (1999) Herbicide use on railway tracks for safety reasons in Germany. Toxicol. Let. 107, 201-205
7.
Greenberg, A. E., Clesceri, L. S. and Eaton, A. D. (1992) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th Eds., American Public Health Association, Washington, USA, p. 2350-2540
8.
OECD. (1993) OECD guidelines for testing chemicals 1, 106, p.23
9.
Sancho, J. V., Hernandez, F., Lopez, F. J., Hogendoorn, E. A., Dijkman, E. and Zoonen, P. V. (1996) Rapid determination of glufosinate, glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in environmental water samples using precolumn fluorgenic labeling and coupled-column liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr A, 737, 75-83
10.
Glass, R. L. (1983) Liquid chromatographic determination of glyphosate in fortified soil and water samples. J. Agric. Food Chem. 31, 280-82
11.
Abia, L., Armesto, X. L., Canle, M. L., Garcia, M., V., and Santaballa, J. A. (1998) Oxidation of aliphatic amines by aqueous chlorine. Tetrahedron, 54, 521-30
12.
Donnermair, M. M. and Blatchley III, E. R. (2003) Disinfection efficacy of organic chloramines, Water Res. 37, 1557-70
13.
Armesto, X. L., Canle, M., and Santaballa, J. A. (1992) a-Amino acids chlorination in aqueous media, Tetrahedron, 49, 275-84
14.
Armesto, X. L., Canle, M., Garcia, M. V., Losada, M., and Santaball, J. A. (1994) N reactivity vs. O reactivity in aqueous chlorination, Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 26, 1135-41
15.
Morillo, E., Undabeytia, J., Maqueda, C. and Ramos, A. (2000) Glyphosate adsorption on soils of different characteristics. Influence of copper addition, Chemosphere. 40, 103-107
16.
Gimsing, A. L. and Borggaard, O. K. (2002) Effect of phosphate on the dsorption of glyphosate on soils, clay minerals and oxides. Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 82, 545-552
17.
Sheals, J., Sjöberg, S. and Persson, P. (2002) Adsorption of glyphosate on goethite: molecular charcterization of surface complexes. Environ. Sci. Tech. 36, 3090-3095
18.
Barja, B. C. and Alfonso, M. D. (2005) Aminomethylphosphonic acid and glyphosate adsorption onto goethite: a comparative study. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39, 585-592
19.
Piccolo A., Celano, G. and Conte, P. (1996) Adsorption of glyphosate by humic substances, J. Agric. Food Chem. 44, 42-46
20.
McBride, M. B. (1994) Environmental Chemistry of Soils, Oxford University Press, New York, USA, p.356-372
21.
Staehelin, J., and Hoigne, J. (1985) Decomposition of ozone in water in the presence of organic solutes acting as promoters and inhibitors of radical chain reactions, Environ. Sci. Technol. 19, 1206-13
22.
Berger, P., Karpel Vel Leitner, N., Dore, M., and Legube, B. (1999) Ozone and hydroxyl radicals induced oxidation of glycine, Water Res. 33, 433-41
23.
Gottschalk, C., Libra, J. A. and Saupe, A. (2000) Ozonation of Water and Waste Water, WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, Federal Republic of Germany, p.21-36
24.
Speth, T. F. (1993) Glyphosate removal from drinking water, J. Environ. Engine. 119, 1139-1157