Nonlinear Tidal Characteristics along the Uldolmok Waterway off the Southwestern Tip of the Korean Peninsula

• Journal title : Ocean and Polar Research
• Volume 25, Issue 1,  2003, pp.89-106
• Publisher : Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology
• DOI : 10.4217/OPR.2003.25.1.089
Title & Authors
Nonlinear Tidal Characteristics along the Uldolmok Waterway off the Southwestern Tip of the Korean Peninsula
Kang, Sok-Kuh; Yum, Ki-Dai; So, Jae-Kwi; Song, Won-Oh;

Abstract
Analyses of tidal observations and a numerical model of the $\small{M_2}$ and $\small{M_4}$ tides in the Uldolmok waterway located at the southwestern tip of the Korean Peninsula are described. This waterway is well known fer its strong tidal flows of up to more than 10 knots at the narrowest part of the channel. Harmonic analysis of the observed water level at five tidal stations reveals dramatic changes in the amplitude and phase of the shallow water constituents at the station near the narrowest part, while survey results show a decreasing trend in local mean sea levels toward the narrow section. It was also observed that the amplitudes of semi-diurnal constituents, $\small{M_2}$ and $\small{S_2}$ are diminishing toward the narrowest part of the waterway. Two-dimensional numerical modeling shows that the $\small{M_2}$ energy flux is dominated by the component coming from the eastern boundary. The $\small{M_2}$ energy is inward from both open boundaries and is transported toward the narrow region of the channel, where it is frictionally dissipated or transferred to other constituents due to a strong non-linear advection effect. It is also shown that the $\small{M_4}$ generation is strong around the narrow region, and the abrupt decrease in the M4 amplitude in the region is due to a cancellation of the locally generated M4 with the component propagated from open boundaries. The superposition of both propagated and generated M4 contributions also explains the discontinuity of the M4 phase lag in the region. The tide-induced residual sea level change and the regeneration effect of the $\small{M_2}$ tide through interaction with $\small{M_4}$ are also examined.
Keywords
nonlinear tidal phenomena;$\small{M_2}$ generation;Uldolmok waterway;numerical modeling;
Language
English
Cited by
1.
울돌목 시험조류발전소의 수중소음 특성 연구,고명권;최지웅;이진학;정원무;

한국음향학회지, 2012. vol.31. 8, pp.523-531
1.
Tidal dynamics in the strong tidal current environment of the Uldolmok waterway, southwestern tip off the Korean peninsula, Ocean Science Journal, 2012, 47, 4, 453
2.
Acoustic Characteristics of Underwater Noise from Uldolmok Tidal Current Pilot Power Plant, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea, 2012, 31, 8, 523
References
1.
Abbott, M.B., A. McCoWan, and I.R. Warren. 1981. Numerical modelling of free-surface flows and coastal waters. In : Transport models for inland and coastal waters, eds. by H.B. Fisher, Academic Press, New York.

2.
Abbott, M.B. and D.R. Basco. 1989. Computational fluid dynamics : an introduction for engineers. John Wiley & Sons Inc., 425 p.

3.
Deardorff, J.W. 1971. On the magnitude of the subgrid scale eddy coefficient. J. Comp. Phys., 7, 120-133.

4.
Elder, J.W. 1959. The dispersion of a marked fluid in a turbulent shear flow. J. Fluid Mech., 5, 544-560.

5.
Foreman, M.G.G. 1977. Manual for tidal heights analysis and prediction. Pacific marine science, report, 77-10, lOS, British Columbia, Canada.

6.
Foreman, M.G.G., R.A. Walters, R.F. Henry, C.P. Keller, and A.G. Dolling. 1995. A tidal model for eastern Juan de Fuca Strait and the southern Strait of Georgia. J. Geophys. Res., 100(C1), 721-740.

7.
Geyer, W.R. and R.P. Signell. 1990. Measurements of tidal flow around a headland with a shipboard acoustic Doppler profiler. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 3189-3197.

8.
Geyer, W.R. and R.P. Signell. 1991. Measurements and modelling of the spatial structure of nonlinear tidal flow around a headland. p. 403-418. In: Tidal Hydrodynamics, ed. by B.B. Parker.

9.
Glorioso, P.D. and J.H. Simpson. 1994 Numerical modelling of the \$M_2\$ tide on the northern Patagonian Shelf. Conti. Shelf Res., 14(2/3), 267-278.

10.
Godin, G. 1972. The analysis of tides. University of Toronto Press, Toronto. 264 p.

11.
Godin, G. and G. Gutierrez. 1986. Non-linear effects in the tide of the Bay of Fundy. Conti. Shelf Res., 5, 379-402.

12.
Kang, S.K. 1991. Non-linear tidal modelling of the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, and the East Sea. M. Sc. Thesis, H.H. 65, Int. Inst. for Hydra. and Env. Eng.(IHE) and Danish Hydraulic Institute.

13.
Kang, S.K., J.Y. Chung, S.-R. Lee, and K.D. Yum. 1995. Seasonal variability in the \$M_2\$ tide in the seas adjacent to Korea, Con. Shelf Res., 15(9), 1087-1113.

14.
Kang, S.K., M.G.G. Foreman, H.J. Lies, J.H. Lee, J. Cherniawsky, and K.D. Yum. 2002. Two-layer tidal modeling of the Yellow and East China Seas with application to seasonal variability of the \$M_2\$ tide. J. Geophys. Res., 107 (C3), 6-1-6-9.

15.
Kang, S.K., S.R. Lee, and H.J. Lie. 1998. Fine grid tidal modelling of the Yellow and East China Seas. Con. Shelf Res., 18, 739-772.

16.
KORDI. 1986. Korea tidal power study-1986, Volume 1 Data, Report no. BSPI-00050-124-2, 299 p.

17.
Lie, H.J. 1996. Ocean circulation and material flux of the East China Sea (third year) -Eastern East China Sea-. (In Korean and English abstract), BSPN 00278-901-1, 467 p.

18.
Lilly, D.K. 1967. The representation of small scale turbulence in numerical simulation experiments. In : Proceedings of the IBM Scientific Computing Symposium on Environmental Sciences, IBM form No. 320-1951.

19.
MOMAF. 2002. Development of utilization technique for ocean energy (II): Tide. Tidal current energy. (In Korean and English abstract). BSPM 13200-1457-2. 337 p.

20.
Murray, M.T. 1963. Tidal analysis with an electric digital computer. Cashiers Oceanography, 699-711.

21.
Pingree, R.D. and D.K. Griffiths. 1978. Tidal fronts on the Shelf Seas around the British Isles. J. Geophys. Res., Chapman Conference Issue, 83, 4615-4622.

22.
Pingree, R.D. and D.K. Griffiths. 1987. Tidal friction for semidiurnal tides. Con. Shelf Res., 7, 1181-1209.

23.
Pingree, R.D. and L. Maddock. 1978. The M4 tide in the English Channel derived from a non-linear numerical model of the \$M_2\$ tide. Deep-Sea Res., 25, 53-63.

24.
Signell, R.P. and W.R. Geyer. 1991. Transient eddy formation around headlands. J. Geophys. Res. (in Press).

25.
Smagorinsky, J.S. 1963. General circulation experiment with the primitive equations : I. the basic experiment. Monthly Weather Review, 91, 99-164.

26.
Ye, A.L. and l.S. Robinson. 1983. Tidal dynamics in the South China Sea, Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 72, 691-707.