Abstract

This paper presents a grating~integrated SPR (Surface Plasmon Resonance) sensor chip for simple and inexpensive biomolecule detection. The grating-integrated SPR sensor chip has two sensing channels having a nano grating for SPR coupling. An external mirror is used for multi channel SPR sensing. The present sensor chip replaces bulky and expensive optical components, such as fiber-optic switches or special shaped prisms, resulting in a simple and inexpensive wavelength modulated multi-channel SPR sensing system. We fabricate a SPR sensor chip integrated with 835 nm-pitch gratings by a micromolding technique to reduce the fabrication cost. In the experimental characterization, the refractive index sensitivity of each sensing channel is measured as $321.8{\pm}8.1nm$/RI and $514.3{\pm}8.lnm$/RI, respectively. 0.5uM of the target biomolecule (streptavidin) was detected by a $1.13{\pm}0.16nm$ shift of the SPR dip in the 10%-biotinylated sample channel, while the SPR dip in the reference channel for environmental perturbation monitoring remained at the same position. From the experimental results, multi-channel biomolecule detection capability of the present grating-integrated SPR sensor chip has been verified. On the basis of the preliminary experiments, we successfully measured the binding reaction rate for the $2\;nM{\sim}200\;nM$ monoclonal-antibiotin, thus verifying biomolecule concentration detectability of the present SPR sensor chip. The binding reaction rates measured from the present SPR sensor chip agredd well with those from a commercialized SPR sensor.

Keywords

• SPR sensor chip;
• Grating;
• biomolecule detection;
• Detection of biomolecule concentration

File

Download PDF

References

1. J. Homola, S.S. Yee, and G. Gauglitz, 'Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors: Review,' Sensors and Actuators B, Vol.54, pp.3-15, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-4005(98)00321-9
2. I. Stemmler, A. Brecht, and G. Gauglitz, 'Compact Surface Plasmon Resonance-transducers with Spectral Readout for Biosensing applications,' Sensors and Actuators B, Vol.54, pp.98-105, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-4005(98)00317-7
3. V. Silin and A. Plant, 'Biotechnological Applications of Surface Plasmon Resonance,' Trends in Biotechnology, Vol.15, pp.353-359, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7799(97)01085-8
4. S. Lofas, M. Malmqvist, I. Ronnberg, E. Stenberg, B. Liedberg, and I. Lundstrom, 'Bioanalysis with Surface Plasmon Resonance,' Sensors and Actuators B, Vol.5, pp.79-84, 1991 https://doi.org/10.1016/0925-4005(91)80224-8
5. G.G. Nenninger, J.B. Clendenning, C.E. Furlong, S.S. Yee, 'Reference-compensated biosensing using a dual-channel surface plasmon resonance sensor system based on a planar lightpipe configuration,' Sensors and Actuators B, Vol.51 , pp.38-45, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-4005(98)00218-4
6. J. Homola, J. Dostalek, J. Ctyroky, 'A Novel Approach to Surface Plasmon Resonance Multichannel Sensing,' Proc. of SPIE, Vol.4416, pp.86-89, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1117/12.427017
7. F.S. Ligler and CAR Taitt, Optical Biosensors: Present and Future, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2002, Chapter 7
8. E.D. Palik, Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids, Academic Press, San Diego, pp.294-295, 1998
9. K. Hosokawa, K. Hanada, and R. Maeda, 'A Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Deformable Diffraction Grating for Monitoring of Local Pressure in Microfluidic Devices,' J. Micromech. Microeng., 12, pp.1-6, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/12/1/301
10. R.C. Weast and M.J. Astle, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, p.D257, 1979
11. T. Cass and F.S. Ligler, Immobilized Biomolecules in Analysis: A Practical Approach, Oxford University Press, New York, 1998