Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Determination of β-Carotene and Retinol in Korean Noodles and Bread Products

가공 및 외식식품 중 면류 및 제빵류의 레티놀 및 베타카로틴 함량 조사

  • Shin, Jung-Ah (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Chun, Ji Yeon (Dept. of Food Engineering, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Lee, Junsoo (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Shin, Ki Yong (Nutrition Safety Policy Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Lee, Soon Kyu (Nutrition Safety Policy Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Lee, Ki-Teak (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University)
  • 신정아 (충남대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 천지연 (순천대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 이준수 (충북대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 신기용 (식품의약품안전처 영양안전정책과) ;
  • 이순규 (식품의약품안전처 영양안전정책과) ;
  • 이기택 (충남대학교 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2013.08.08
  • Accepted : 2013.10.10
  • Published : 2013.12.31

Abstract

The contents of ${\beta}$-carotene and retinol in processed and restaurant foods, such as Korean noodles, mandus, rice cakes and bread products, were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV/visible and fluorescence detector, respectively. Samples were collected from different local areas (i.e. Gangwon-do, Gyeonggi-do, Gyeongsang-do, Seoul, Jeolla-do, and Chungcheong-do). After homogenization, samples were hydrolyzed by direct alkali saponification; thereafter, fat-soluble components were extracted by a mixture of n-hexane/ethylacetate (85:15, v/v), containing 0.01% butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). ${\beta}$-carotene and retinol contents in infant formula used as an in-house material for the analytical quality control. Among 14 Korean noodles, high contents of ${\beta}$-carotene were found in Bibim-Guksu (average 442.43 ${\mu}g/100g$) and Jjolmyeon (average 301.39 ${\mu}g/100g$). In 4 Korean mandus, the highest contents of ${\beta}$-carotene was determined in Kimchi-mandu (average 197.64 ${\mu}g/100g$), resulting in 33.3 RE of the converted vitamin A. Among 12 Korean rice cakes, Maeun-Tteokbokki and Modm-Chaltteok contained relatively high content of ${\beta}$-carotene with 205.11 and 41.33 ${\mu}g/100g$, respectively, while retinol was detected only in Maeun- Tteokbokki (1.65~10.45 ${\mu}g/100g$). In addition, among 8 bread products, 77.3 RE of pastry, 51.2 RE of buttercream- bread, and 41.4 RE of morning roll were found as the contents of the converted vitamin A.

Keywords

File

Download PDF

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 식품의약품안전청

References

  1. Ha JL, Bae JS, Park MK, Kim YU, Ha SH, Bae JM, Back K, Lee CH, Lee SW, Ahn MJ. 2009. Quantitative analysis of carotenoids in carrot cultivars produced in Korea. J Env Sci 18: 1135-1141. https://doi.org/10.5322/JES.2009.18.10.1135
  2. Raja R, Hemaiswarya S, Rengasamy R. 2007. Exploitation of Dunaliella for ${\beta}$-carotene production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 74: 517-523. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-006-0777-8
  3. Bauernfeind JC. 1972. Carotenoid vitamin A precursors and analogs in foods and feeds. J Agric Food Chem 20: 456-473. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60181a003
  4. Dietz JM, Sri Kantha S, Erdman JW Jr. 1988. Reversed phase HPLC analysis of ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-carotene from selected raw and cooked vegetables. Pant Foods Hum Nutr 38: 333-341. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01091731
  5. Rock CL, Lovalvo JL, Emenhiser C, Ruffin MT, Flatt SW, Schwartz SJ. 1998. Bioavailability of ${\beta}$-carotene is lower in raw than in processed carrots and spinach in women. J Nutr 128: 913-916. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/128.5.913
  6. Choe JS, Chun HK, Park HJ. 2001. International comparison of food composition table. Korean J Commun Living Sci 12: 119-135.
  7. Eitenmiller RR, Landen WO. 1998. Vitamin analysis for the health and food sciences. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA. p 3-75.
  8. Rural Development Administration National Academy of Agricultural Science. 2011. Food Component Table. 8th Revision. Suwon, Korea. p 14, 121.
  9. Sungpuag P, Tangchitpianvit S, Cittchang U, Wasantwisut E. 1999. Retinol and beta carotene content of indigenous raw and home-prepared foods in Northeast Thailand. Food Chem 64: 163-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00154-X
  10. Hite DA. 2003. Determination of retinyl palmitate (vitamin A) in fortified fluid milk by liquid chromatography: collaborative study. J AOAC Int 86: 375-385.
  11. De Vries JW, Silvera KR. 2002. Determination of vitamins A (retinol) and E (alpha-tocopherol) in foods by liquid chromatography: collaborative study. J AOAC Int 85: 424-434.
  12. Korea Food and Drug Administration. 2012. NLS Standard Operating Procedure Analytical Methods. Osong, Korea. p 99-111.
  13. Rural Development Administration National Academy of Agricultural Science. 2009. Food Nutrient Data Base by portions commonly used. http://koreanfood.rda.go.kr/fct/FctFoodSrch.aspx?qPage=1&SikGun=0&SikName=%bb%fd%b8%e9&nut=.http://koreanfood.rda.go.kr/fct/FctFoodSrch.aspx?qPage=1&SikGun=0&SikName=%c0%ce%c0%fd%b9%cc&nut=.
  14. The Korean Nutrition Society. 2010. Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans. 1st Revision. Seoul, Korea. p 149-165.
  15. Rural Development Administration National Academy of Agricultural Science. 2011. National Standard Nutrient Database. 8th revision. Agricultural Food Information System. http://koreanfood.rda.go.kr/fct/FctFoodSrch.aspx?qPage=1&SikGun=0&SikName=%b1%e8%c4%a1%b8%b8%b5%ce&nut=.

Cited by

  1. β-Carotene Content in Selected Agricultural Foods vol.44, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.3.418
  2. Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Traditional Korean Noodles through Energy Density and Diversity vol.27, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2014.27.4.732
  3. Comparison of Fatty Acid Composition by Fat Extraction Method: Different Parts of Chicken by Cooking Method vol.43, pp.8, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.8.1257
  4. Effects of cooking methods on the β-carotene levels of selected plant food materials vol.25, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-016-0156-x