한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집 (Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference)
- 한국수자원학회 2012년도 학술발표회
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- Pages.1-10
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- 2012
Impacts of Managing Water in a Closed Basin: A Study of the Walker River Basin, Nevada, USA
- Tracy, John C. (Idaho Water Resources Research Institute, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Idaho)
- 발행 : 2012.05.16
초록
Throughout much of the world, many ecological problems have arisen in watersheds where a significant portion of stream flows are diverted to support agriculture production. Within endorheic watersheds (watersheds whose terminus is a terminal lake) these problems are magnified due to the cumulative effect that reduced stream flows have on the condition of the lake at the stream's terminus. Within an endorheic watershed, any diversion of stream flows will cause an imbalance in the terminal lake's water balance, causing the lake to transition to a new equilibrium level that has a smaller volume and surface area. However, the total mass of Total Dissolved Solids within the lake will continue to grow; resulting in a significant increase in the lake's TDS concentration over time. The ecological consequences of increased TDS concentrations can be as limited as the intermittent disruption of productive fisheries, or as drastic as a complete collapse of a lake's ecosystem. A watershed where increasing TDS concentrations have reached critical levels is the Walker Lake watershed, located on the eastern slope of the central Sierra Nevada range in Nevada, USA. The watershed has an area of 10,400 sq. km, with average annual headwater flows and stream flow diversions of 376 million
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