Studies on the Preservation of Potato by Combination of Gamma-Radiation and Chemical

방사선(放射線) 및 화학약품(化學藥品) 겸용처리(兼用處理)에 의한 감자의 저장연구(貯藏硏究)

Present work was conducted to investigate the combined effects of gamma-radiation and chemical treatment on the inhibition of sprouting and decay of potato tubers. Irish Cobbler, Apollo and Shimabara potato tubers were immersed in 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm solution of salicylic acid for 2 minutes, and then irradiated at doses of 5, 10, and 15 krad using an indoor gamma room of approximately 10,000 Ci of $^{60}Co$. Treated tubers were stored for 8 months at room temperature. The results of this work are summarized as follows: 1. Moisture content of irradiated potato tubers was changed less than the control, and decreased gradually along with an extended storage period. Ascorbic acid content was remarkably decreased by gamma-radiation and an extended storage period. 2. Reducing sugar content of irradiated potato tubers tended to increase greatly compared with unirradiated potato tubers, however, starch content of irradiated potato tubers decreased compared with the control. Reducing sugar and starch content of all groups also decreased gradually along with an extended storage period. 3. The storageability of Irish Cobbler variety was best among three varieties and Shimabara variety was worst among them when gamma-radiation is treated singly or in combination with the chemical. Sprouting of potato tubers was more suppressed in combination treatment than single treatment. 4. Decay of potato tubers was more reduced in combination treatment than single treatment. Chemical treatment or gamma-radiation followed by chemical treatment had no influence on decay or spronting of potato tubers. 5. Weight loss of potato tubers was considerably increased as storage period became extended. Shrinkage was, more serious in Shimabara than in rish Cobbler.

방사선조사(放射線照射)에 의한 감자 저장법(貯藏法)을 실용화(實用化)하기 위하여 gamma선(線)과 salicylic산(酸)을 겸용처리(兼用處理)하여 감자 저장중(貯藏中)의 싹생장(生長) 및 부패(腐敗)를 동시(同時)에 억제(抑制)코저 국내(國內)에서 생산(生産)되는 주요품종(主要品種)인 Irish Cobbler, Appollo 및 Shimabara 감자에 salicylic산(酸) 1000, 2000, 및 3000 ppm을 처리(處理)한 후 5, 10 및 15 krad의 gamma선(線)을 각각 조사(照射)하여 상온(常溫)에서 8개월간 저장(貯藏)하였던 바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수분(水分)은 control보다 방사선조사구(放射線照射區)에서 변화(變化)가 적었고 저장기간(貯藏期間)이 경과(經過)함에 따라 모두 감소(減少)되었다. Ascorbic산(酸)은 방사선조사구(放射線照射區)에서 현저하게 감소(減少)되었고 저장기간(貯藏期間)에 따라 크게 감소(減少)되었다. 2. 환원당(還元糖)은 방사선조사구(放射線照射區)에서 약간 많았으며 반면에 전분(澱粉)은 반대 현상이었다. 또 이들은 모두 이 장기간(藏期間)이 경과(經過)함에 따라 크게 감소(減少)하였다. 3. 감자의 저장성(貯藏性)은 Irish Cobbler가 가장 좋고 Shimabara가 나쁜 편인데 방사선조사(放射線照射) 및 화학약품(化學藥品) 처리시(處理時)의 붕아억제(崩芽抑制)도 역시 Irish Cobbler와 Apollo가 좋았다. 싹생장량(生長量) 3품종(品種) 모두 방사선조사구(放射線照射區)에서 적었고 특히 겸용(兼用) salicylic산(酸) 처리시(處理時) 현저하였다. 4. 부패율(腐敗率)은 salicylic산(酸) 겸용처리구(兼用處理區)가 gamma선(線) 단독조사구(單獨調査區)보다 Irish Cobbler에서 $40{\sim}45%$ Apollo에서 약(約) 30% 및 shimabara에서 약(約) 20%정도 더 억제(抑制)되었다. 또 Salicylic산(酸)만 처리(處理)하였거나 방사선조사(放射線照射) 후 처리(處理)하였을 경우는 효과(效果)가 없었다. 5. 감량(減量)은 방사선조사(放射線照射) 및 Salicylic산(酸) 처리(處理)가 다소(多少) 효과적(效果的)이었으며 일반적으로 저장기간(貯藏期間)이 경과(經過)함에 따라 점점 많았다. 또한 위축현상(萎縮現狀)은 Irish Cobbler의 경우 방사선조사구(放射線照射區)에서 8개월에도 이상(異常)이 없었으나 타품종(他品種)은 다소(多少) 위축(萎縮)이 있었다.