Abstract
Riced dehydrated potato granules with a good reconstituton quality was made from Irish Cobber (IC) and Shimabara which are representative varieties in Korea. A part of IC potato granules was packed in small vinyl-bags while the rest, including some BHA (75ppm)-treated granules, was packed in $301{\times}407$ plain tin cans. These granules were stored in a room at room temperature, and their physico-chemical properties and lipid composition were studied. The color of the granules was measured with a Hunter-type Tristimules colorimeter. L, $a_L,$ and $b_L-values$ were respectively 83.8, -1.1 and 18.3. Variety and package-type did not affect the color. In general, it was darker than that of commercial wheat flour, but whiter than that of commercial defatted soy flour. At $100^{\circ}C$, the granules, irrespective of variety and package-type, absorbed water rapidly, and reached the maximum moisture content of $90{\sim}92%$ in 3 min., whereas they absorbed water more slowly at $8{\sim}14^{\circ}C$, and reached the maximum content of $72{\sim}74%$ in 5 minutes. Peroxide, TBA, carbonyl, acid, and iodine values of the granules after 3 months storage were respetively $150{\sim}460\;meq/kg,\;20{\sim}26,\;154{\sim}380$ micromole, $24{\sim}59,\;and\;70{\sim}78$. Except iodine values, all the chemical values were affected by variety and package-type. Ether and $CHCl_3-extracts$ of the granules from IC and Shimabara were subjected to GLC and TLC analyses. In case of IC, the major fatty acids were palmitic, stearic, and oleic (30.0, 18.8, 40.6), while in case of Shimabara they were palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids (26.7, 39.6, 23.4%). The major lipid classes were, in both cases, triglycerides and phospholipids. Their contents were raspectively 19.1 and 43.1 (IC), and 30.1 and 37.4% (Shimabara).
국내(國內)의 대표적(代表的)인 감자품종(品種)인 Irish Cobbler와 Shimabara로 재흡수성(再吸水性)이 우수한 미곡형건조(米穀型乾造)감자 분말(粉末)을 실험실규모(實驗室規模)로 제조(製造)하였다. 이 감자분말(粉末)들은 일부 BHA처리(處理)한것을 포함하여 비닐봉지와 통조림형태(形態)로 저장되었다. 이들에 대해서 일반성분(一般成分), 색깔, 재흡수성(再吸水性), 추출지방산(抽出脂肪酸)의 화학적성질(化學的性質)과 조성(組成)등을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. IC와 Shimabara 품종(品種)의 감자분말(粉末)의 회분(灰分), 단백질(蛋白質), 지방질(脂肪質), 당류(糖類), 전분(澱粉)의 %조성(組成)은 $3.5{\sim}2.9,\;8.5{\sim}8.2,\;0.6{\sim}0.5,\;1.5{\sim}1.9$와 $79.8{\sim}79.0%$로써 지금까지의 문헌치(文獻値)와 잘 일치(一致)했었다. 두품종(品種)사이에는 각성분함양(各成分含量)(회분함량제외(灰分含量除外))에 유의적차(有意的差)는 없었다. 2. 이상(以上)의 감자분말(粉末)의 색깔을 Hunter형(型) Tristimulus colorimeter로 측정한 결과(結果), L-value=83.8, aL-value=-1.1, bL-value=18.3로써 밀가루와 탈지(脫脂)대두가루사이에 위치(位置)하는 흰색깔을 표시하였다. 한편, 색깔에 대한 품종(品種), 저장형태(貯藏形態)의 영향은 없었다. 3. 이 감자분말(粉末)들은 품종(品種), 포장형태(包裝形態)와 관계없이 끓은물에서는 3분내(分內)에 최대수분함량(最大水分含量) $90{\sim}92%$에 도달했다. 한편, $8{\sim}14^{\circ}C$의 찬물에서는 5분(分)이 지난후 최대수분함량(最大水分含量)인 $72{\sim}74%$에 도달했었다. 4. 이상(以上)의 감자분말(粉末)(제조 3개월후)의 POV, TBA-value, carbonyl value, acid value. iodine value는 $150{\sim}460\;meg/kg,\;20{\sim}26,\;154{\sim}380\;micromole/g,\;24{\sim}59$와 $70{\sim}78$였다. 이상(以上)의 화학적성질(化學的性質)(IV 제외(除外))들은 모두 포장형태(包裝形態), 품종차(品種差)등에 영향을 받은듯 했다. 5. 두품종(品種)의 감자분말(粉末)의 지방질(脂肪質)에 대해서 GLC와 TLC에 의해서 구성지방산(構成脂肪酸)과 지방성분조성(脂肪成分組成)을 분석(分析)하였다. IC의 경우, 주요지방산(主要脂肪酸)은 palmitic, stearic, oleic acid(3.0, 18.8, 40.6%)였으며, Shimabara의 경우, palmitic, oleic, linoleic acid(26.7, 39.6, 23.4%)였다. 한편, 주요지방성분(主要脂肪成分)은 TG와 phospholipid로써 그 함량(含量)은 각(各) 19.1, 43.1%와 30.1, 37.4%였다.
(Department of Food Technology, Korea University)
;