Physiological Response of Panax ginseng to Temperature I. Old experience, distribution, germination, photosynthesis and respiration

인삼의 온도에 대한 생리반응 . 옛경험, 분석, 발아, 광합성, 흡수

Physiological characteristics of Panax ginseng were reviewed in relation to temperature. According to the old literatures and records of cultivator's experiences it was elucidated that ginseng plants require light but hate high temperature and that the cultural methods were developed to content two characteristics in contradiction. Low temperature (cool climate) during growing season seems (or ginseng to be essential and to escape from the extreme coldness according to air and soil temperature of natural habitat and cultivated area. Optimum temperature of dehiscence (15∼below 20$^{\circ}C$) is a little higher than that of germination (10∼15$^{\circ}C$). Optimum temperature for growing of new buds (18∼20$^{\circ}C$) is similar to that for growing after emergence (17∼21$^{\circ}C$). Dormancy of both matured embryo and new buds is broken at the same temperature (2∼3$^{\circ}C$). It seems reasonable that optimum temperature of photosynthesis (22$^{\circ}C$) is similar to that of growth. Respiration quotients of various organs or of whole plant ranged from 1.7 to 3 incrased with high temperature. Respiratory consumption and oxygen limitation seem to be potential factors to induce decay during dehiscence and germination of seeds and root rot in fields. Research on organ differentiation. photosynthesis, respiration and growth with age is needed for the development of cultivation methods.