Moisture Sorption Characteristics of Powdered Soybean Curd

분말(粉末) 두부의 수분흡착(水分吸着) 특성(特性)

  • Kim, Dong-Man (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Chang, Kyu-Seob (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Yoon, Han-Kyo (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University)
  • 김동만 (충남대학교 식품가공학과) ;
  • 장규섭 (충남대학교 식품가공학과) ;
  • 윤한교 (충남대학교 식품가공학과)
  • Published : 1980.12.30

Abstract

In order to improve the storage stability of powdered soybean curd, moisture sorption characteristics of the curd stored at specific relative humidity and temperature were investigated. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. When the fresh soybean curd (2cm thickness) was dried in a hot air drier at $55^{\circ}C$, it took 18 hrs to reduce its moisture content from 85% to 8.8%, and drying rate was very high during the first 5 hrs. 2. Equilibrum moisture content (E.M.C.) of powdered soybean curd by freeze drying was higher than that of sample by got air drying, but the particle size did not influence E. M. C. 3. The monolayer value of freeze dried powder of high E. M. C was higher than that of the hot air dried(8.30 vs 7.35). 4. The free energy for moisture absorption of freeze dried powder at 11% RH were 1285.1 cal/mole, 1323.5 cal/mole at $15^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively, and the free energy of freeze dried product was lower that of hot air dried product. 5. The moisture sorption rate constant was not affected by particle size, and it showed that the moisture sorption rate decreased as temperature was increased. The rate constant of powder produced by freeze drying were 0.00804 at $15^{\circ}C$ and 0.00696 at $30^{\circ}C$.

대두식품(大豆食品)으로 단백질(蛋白質)이 주성분(主成分)인 두부의 저장성(貯藏性)을 높이기 위(爲)한 기초연구(基礎硏究)로서, 두부를 열풍건조(熱風乾燥) 및 냉동(冷凍) 건조분말(乾燥粉末)로 하여 일정(一定)한 상대습도(相對濕度)에 방치(放置)하였을 때의 수분흡착특성(水分吸着特性)과 곰팡이 발생(發生) 등(等)에 관(關)해 구명(究明)한 바, 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 수분함량(水分含量)이 85%인 생(生)두부를 열풍건조기(熱風乾燥機)를 이용(利用)하여 $55^{\circ}C$에서 2cm 두께로, 건조(乾燥)할 때에 수분함량(水分含量)을 건물중(乾物重) 8.8%까지 내리는데 18시간(時間)소요(所要)됐으며, 수분함량(水分含量) 감소율(減少率)은 5시간(時間)까지는 급속(急速)히 감소(減少)되다가 차츰 완만(緩慢)하였다. 2. 수분흡착시(水分吸着時) 온도(溫度)가 높을수록 평형수분함량(平衡水分含量)은 낮았고, 냉동건조(冷凍乾燥) 분말(粉末)두부의 경우(境遇) 열풍건조(熱風乾燥) 분말(粉末)두부보다 높았으며 입자(粒子)의 크기는 수분흡착(水分吸着)에 큰 영향(影響)을 미치지 않았다. 3. 단분자층(單分子層) 수분함량(水分含量)은 평형수분함량(平衡水分含量)이 큰 냉동건조(冷凍乾燥) 분말(粉末)두부가 8.3%로 가장 높았다. 4. 수분흡착(水分吸着)에 요(要)하는 자유(自由)에너지는 상대습도(相對濕度) 11%, $15^{\circ}C$에서 1,285.1 cal/mole, $30^{\circ}C$에서 1,323.5 cal/mole로 38.4 cal/mole이 낮았으며 냉동건조(冷凍乾燥) 분말(粉末)두부의 흡착(吸着)에 필요(必要)로 하는 자유(自由)에너지가 열풍건조(熱風乾燥)에 의(依)한 것보다 낮았다. 5. 입자(粒子)의 크기가 흡습속도(吸濕速度)에서는 영향(影響)을 주지 않았고 온도(溫度)가 높을수록 상수(常數)가 낮아지는 경향(傾向)을 나타냈으며, 냉동건조(冷凍乾燥) 분말(粉末)두부의 경우(境遇), $15^{\circ}C$에서 0.00804, $30^{\circ}C$에서 0.00696이었다.

Keywords