Studies on the Induction of Available Mutant of Acetic Acid Bacteria by UV-light Irradiation and NTG Treatment. - The Selection of Mutant Strains and Various Conditions for Acetic Acid Production -

Acetobacter sp.와 그 변이주(變異株)를 이용(利用)한 식초산(食酢酸) 발효(醱酵)에 관한 연구(硏究) - 변이주(變異株)의 선정(選定) 및 생산조건(生酸條件) -

These studies were conducted to induce the available mutant strains in acetic acid bacteria by the irradiation of UV-light and the treatment of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine. 109 strains which were capable of producing acid in the ethanol containing medium were isolated from vinegar and Kimchi collected from the region of Daejeon city. From the collection T-50 strain was identified to have a strong fermentation power and selected as a mother strain for the study. Two mutants were obtained by treating T-50 strain with UV and NTG, and these mutants had a rapid acid production in the initial stage. The study was then made to compare the basic condition for acetic acid production of the mother strain and two mutant strains. The summarized results were as follows; 1. The isolated strain (T-50) was identified as Acetobacter aceti by Bergey's manual and Acetic acid bacteria (Tokyo Univ. press). 2. The selected strain was died completely when the strain was irradiated with 15 W UV-light at a distance of 45 cm for 160 seconds. 3. The mutants such as U-48 and N-67 were rapid in the acetic acid production at the initial stage compare to the mother strain. 4. Acetic acid formation by the shaking culture method was maximized in 2 days culture, and the optimal temperature for acetic acid production was $30^{\circ}C$. 5. Acetic acid was effectively produced by the addition of 0.1% ammonium sulfate as a nitrogen source and was also produced rapidly by the addition of 0.1% glucose.

초산발효(酢酸醱酵)에 유용한 변이주(變異株)를 얻기 위하여 대전시(大田市) 일원에서 수집한 식초(食酢)와 지물류(漬物類)로 부터 산성성능(酸生成能)이 있는 109 균주(菌株)를 분리(分離)하여 발효력(醱酵力)이 강(强)한 T-50 균주(菌株)를 모균주(母菌株)로 선정(選定)하고 동정(同定)하였으며, 모균주(母菌株)에 대하여 자외선(紫外線)과 N. T. G를 처리하여 초기(初期) 산성성능(酸生成能)이 빠른 그 변이주(變異株)를 얻어 모균주(母菌株)와 변이주(變異株)를 이용한 산성성(酸生成)을 기본(基本) 조건(條件)을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 분리(分離) 선정(選定)된 균주(菌株)는 Bergey's manual과 Acetic acid bacteria에 의하여 동정(同定)한 결과 Acetobacter aceti로 동정(同定)되었다. 2) 선정(選定) 균주(菌株)는 15W 자외선등(紫外線燈)으로 45 cm에서 160 sec 조사(照射)하였을 때 완전 사멸되었다. 3) 변이주(變異株)는 모균주(母菌株)에 비하여 초기(初期) 산성성능(酸生成能)이 빨랐다. 4. 시공균주(供試菌洙)는 진탕배양에 의하여 배양(培養) 2일(日)째에 산성성(酸生成)이 최대에 달하였으며 발효적온(醱酵適溫)은 $30^{\circ}C$ 이었다. 5) 질소원(窒素源)으로는 $(NH_4)_2SO_4$가 0.1%에서 적당하였으며 glucose의 농도(濃度)를 0.1% 수준으로 첨가(添加)하였을 때 초기(初期) 산성성능(酸生成能)이 빨랐다.