Conversion of Ginseng Saponin with the Enzyme Produced by Rhizopus sp. (Part 1) Confirmation of Conversion of Ginsenoside- Rb$_1$to Ginsenoside-Rd

Rhizopus sp.가 생산하는 효소에 의한 인삼 Saponin의 전환 (제1보) Ginsenoside-Rb$_1$에서 Ginsenoside-Rd로의 전환확인

  • 김상달 (한국인삼연초연구소) ;
  • 서정훈 (경북대학교 식품가공학과)
  • Published : 1982.12.01

Abstract

Among 12 kinds of ginsenosides in ginseng saponin, ginsenoside-Rb$_1$was contained the most abundantly. But ginsenoside-Rd which is similar to ginsenoside-Rb$_1$in structure, was known to be superior to ginsenoside-Rb$_1$pharmaceutically. In order to convert ginsenoside-Rb$_1$into ginsenoside-Rd by microbial enzyme treatment, a Rhizopus sp. was selected among various strais of molds found in rotten ginseng roots. Enzyme was prepared from the extract of wheat bran koji culture by ammonium sulfate precipitation (1.0 sat'd) and succeeding ammonium sulfate fractionation method (0.6-0.9 sat'd). For the purpose of use as substrate, saponins were purified by the several purification steps from alcohol extract of red ginseng roots. We obtained the total saponin which was composed of 36.5% of ginsenoside Rb$_1$, 12.2% of ginsenoside-Rd and other ginsenosides. For increase of ginsenoside-Rb$_1$ component ratio, we also obtained further purified ginsenoside-Rb group saponin containing 54.5% of ginsenoside-Rb$_1$, 1.1% of ginsenoside- Rd and other ginsenosides from purified the total saponin. In the enzymatic reaction system including the total saponin or the ginsenoside-Rb group saponin, we confirmed the specific conversion of ginsenoside-Rb$_1$to ginsenoside-Rd proportionally and no change of any other ginsenoside patterns by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography.

미생물성 효소를 이용하여 인삼saponin중 조성비율이 가장 큰 ginsenoside-Rb$_1$을 약효면에서 보다 우수한 ginsenoside-Rd로 전환하고자 인삼부패균 중 Rhizopus 속의 한 균주를 선정하여 이 균주에서 얻은 효소를 ammonium sulfate 분별 침전법으로 조정제하여 사용하였다. 기질로 사용하기 위해 홍미삼 extract로부터 ginsenoside-Rb$_1$이 36.4%, ginsenoside-Rd 가 12.2%의 조성비율을 갖인 total saponin을 정제하였고 이어 ginsenoside-Rb$_1$의 함량을 증가시키기 위해 더욱 정제한 결과 ginsenoside-Rb$_1$이 54. 5%, ginsenoside-Rd가 1.1%인 ginsenoside Rb group saponin을 얻었다. 이들 기질 saponin에 본 효소를 작용시켜 본 결과 두 기질 모두 다른 ginsenoside pattern에는 변화없이 ginsenoside-Rb$_1$만이 선택적으로 감소하고 반면에 ginsenoside-Rd의 함량이 비례적으로 증가됨을 TLC 및 HPLC의 방법으로 조사하였으며 이로써 효소에 의한 인삼saponin의 선택적전환 가능성을 확인하였다.

Keywords