Abstract
A study on the stability of chlorophyll a in Undaria pinnatifida during blanching, salting and storage was carried out. Raw Undaria pinnatifida was blanched for 25 seconds in the temperature range of 70 to $100^{\circ}C$. To stabilize the chlorophyll a some chemicals such as 1% solutions of $Ca(CH_3CO_2)_2,{\;}Ca(OH)_2,{\;}MgCO_3,{\;}0.5%{\;}Ca(CH_3CO_2)_2$ with $0.5%{\;}MgCO_3$, and reed ash solution were used during/after blanching. The blanched product was salted with table salt after centrifuging for 2 minutes at 1500 rpm, and then again centrifuged after 48 hours for dewatering. The product which was mixed with 8% of table salt was sealed in a polyethylene film bag and stored at 10, 20, 30 and $40^{\circ}C$. The most effective blanching temperature for maximal residual amount of chlorophyll a was $85^{\circ}C$. The quantities of total organic and volatile acids were not significantly changed by the blanching temperature. Blanching in 1% chemical solutions showed bitter results than soaking in 1% chemical solutions for 20 minutes after blanching without chemicals. Reed ash and 0.5% $Ca(CH_3CO_2)_2$ with 0.5% $MgCO_3$ solutions were more effective than the 1% solutions of other chemicals, but the effect was not significant, compared with the group not treated with chemicals. The most reasonable ratio of added salt to dewater the product for 48 hours was 30% in w/w. The amount of total organic and volatile acids revealed no correlation with the amount of added salt. Color and odor of salted product was not severely changed during the storage of 77 days at $10^{\circ}C$. But the changes were accelerated with increasing storage temperatures. The degradation of chlorophyll a in salted product during storage could be interpreted as a first order reaction, and the rate constants at 10, 20, 30 and $40^{\circ}C$ were 0.1289, 0.1028, 0.0770 and 0.0550, respectively. $Q_{10}$ and the activation energy were 1.33 and 5.01 Kcal/g mole.
염장(鹽藏)미역의 품질을 chlorophyll a의 함량음 지표로하여 검토하기 위하여, 생미역을 25초간 blanching 하고, 2분간 원심탈수한 후 식염을 첨가, 48시간 방치하고, 다시 원심탈수한 다음 8%의 식염을 뿌리고 polyethylene film으로 밀봉하여 정온저장하였을 때의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. $70{\sim}100^{\circ}C$의 온도 범위에서 chlorophyll a 잔존량이 가장 많은 blanching온도는 $85^{\circ}C$였다. Blanching온도의 변화에 따른 총유기산(總有機酸) 및 총휘발산(總揮發酸)의 함량차이는 그리 크지 않았다. Blanching 후에 색소안정용액에 20분간 침지(浸漬)하는 것보다는 색소안정제용액중에서 blanching하는 것이 색소안정효과가 컸다. $1%{\;}Ca(CH_3CO_2)_2,{\;}1%Ca(OH)_2,{\;}1%MgCO_3,{\;}0.5%Ca(CH_3CO_2)_2+0.5%MgCO_2$ 갈대잿물 중에서 $0.5%Ca(CH_3CO_2)_2+0.5%MgCO_3$액과 갈대잿물이 색소안정 효과가 컸다. 그러나 대조구에 비교하여 큰 효과는 없다. 48시간 동안의 가염탈수과정에서 chlorophyll a 잔존량이 가장 많았던 염첨가량은 중량비로 30%일 때였다. 총유기산(總有機酸) 및 총휘발산(總揮發酸)의 양은 염첨가량(鹽添加量)과는 무관하였다. $40^{\circ}C$에 저장한 염장(鹽藏)미역은 77일후에도 색택, 풍미, 조직에 별다른 변화가 없었다. 그러나 저장온도가 높을수록 변화가 심하였다. 정온저장한 염장(鹽藏)미역의 chlorophyll a의 파괴는 일차반응으로 해석되었고, 10, 20, 30, $40^{\circ}C$에서의 반응(反應)속도상수는 각각 0.1289, 0.1028, 0.0770, 0.0550이었다. $Q_{10}$은 1.33, 활성화 energy는 5.01Kcal/g mole이었다.