Morphological Characters of Ganoderma lucidum(Fr.) Karsten Grown Naturally in Korea

한국산(韓國産) 자생(自生) Ganoderma lucidum의 형태적(形態的) 특성(特性)

A total number of 916 fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karsten grown naturally in Korea were collected to investigate the morphological characters and some other useful characters related to the quality of the fungus and the results obtained are summarized as follows; The host tree showing the highest parasitic rate by the Genoderma lucidum(Fr.) Karsten was oak tree and the parasitic rate of the tree was 86.2%. The order of parasitic rate of the host trees by the fungus next to the oak was peach, chestnut, persimmon and acasia. The size, shape and color of fruiting bodies were varied according to the host trees. The average size of fruiting bodies collected was 40 to 100 mm by 30 to 80mm. The fruiting bodies with pileus size of 60 by 45 mm, pileus thickness of over 10mm, pileus minor axis/stipe length ratio of over 0.65 and pileus thickness/pileus minor axis ratio of over 0.22 were considered having higher commerical values. The external shape of the fruiting body was very important criterion to evaluate the quality of the Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karsten. A great variation in characters such as pileus shape, color, marginal shape, zonation of pileus, pileus thickness, poroid layer of fruiting bodies and shape of stipe were observed from the fruiting bodies of G. lucidum collected in Korea. Further studies will be necessary for the genetic nature of these characters.

Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karsten (불로초(不老草), 영예)의 형태적(形態的) 특성(特性)을 구명(究明)하고 한국산(韓國産) 자생종(目生種)의 품질(品質)에 관계(關係)가 있는 형질(形質)을 조사(調査)하기 위하여 916점(點)의 영예를 수집(蒐集), 조사(調査)하였다. Ganoderma lucidum의 기생율(寄生率)은 참나무류가 전체의 86.2%였고 그 다음은 복사나무, 밤나무, 감나무, 아카시아나무 등(等)이었다. 기주(寄主)에 따라 자실체(字實體)의 크기, 형태, 색택에 차이가 있었다. 수집된 자실체(字實體)의 대부분(大部分)은 크기가 $40{\sim}100{\times}30{\sim}80mm$였고 자실체(字實體)의 갓의 크기는 $60{\times}45mm$ 이상(以上) 갓두께 10mm 이상(以上) 갓크기/대길이 율(率) 0.65 이상(以上) 갓두께/갓크기 율(率) 0.22 이상(以上)인 것이 상품가치가 높다. 영예자실체의 외형(外形)은 중요(重要)한 품질평가기준(品質評價基準)이다. 갓의 색택(色澤), 주연부의 모양, 갓의 윤문(輪紋), 갓의 두께 자실층형태(子實層形態), 대의 형태(形態)는 많은 변이(變異)를 보이고 있음이 관찰(觀察)되었다. 이 형질(形質)들이 유전성(遺傳性)인 것인지는 추후 구명(究明)되어야 한다.