한국산 주요패류에 대한 독의 분포, 특성 및 제독에 관한 연구 2. 진주담치에서 추출한 PSP의 분리, 정제 및 특성에 관하여

Studies on Distribution, Characterization and Detoxification of Paralytic Shellfish Poison (PSP) in Korea 2. Purification and Characterization of PSP Extracted from Cultured Sea Mussel, Mytilus edulis

한국 남해안에서 생산되는 주요 패류중에서 PSP 함량이 비교적 높은 진주담치를 시료로 택하여 추출한 독소에 대한 pH변화와 가열처리하였을때의 독소의 안정성을 검계하고, 추출된 독소를 활성탄소처리, Bio-Gel P-2 및 Bio-Rex 70의 각 column chromatography로 분리정제하여 electrophoresis, TLC 및 HPLC로 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 추출된 PSP의 pH는 3.0부근이었으며 이 PSP를 $121^{\circ}C$ 15분과 $100^{\circ}C$로 2시간 처리하였을때 약 $20\%$가 파괴되었다. 2. PSP는 $121^{\circ}C$에서 15분 처리하였을 때 pH $2.0\~4.0$ 범위에서는 안정하였으나 pH 4.5이상에서는 불안정하였으며 pH 6.0에서는 $80\%$가 불활성화되었다. 3. 충무일원에서 생산되는 양식 진주담치에서 분리된 PSP는 주로 GTX 1, 2, 3, 4이었으며, STX군 독소는 GTX군의 약 1/40에 불과하였다.

The Stability of PSP extracted from the intoxicated sea mussel, Mytilus edulis was evaluated by the thange of heating conditions and pH of the PSP solution. Also the composition of the PSP extracted from the cultured sea mussel collected at Chungmu, Korea on March 12, 1986 was analyzed. The extracted PSP was stable over the range of pH 2.0 to 4.0, but it was unstable above pH 4.5. For example. the toxicity of extracted PSP of pH 3.0 was only decreased less than $20\%$ by the treatment at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15min or at 100 for 2 hours, but it was decreased more than $80\%$ by the same treatment when the pH of the PSP solution was adjusted to 6.0. The toxin was purified from the ethanolic extract of the digestive glands of the sampled sea mussel by Bio-gel P-2 and Bio-Rex 70 column chromatography. The toxic fractions obtained were analyzed by cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis, TLC and HPLC. The compositional analytical results of the PSP, most of the toxins were certified as $GTX_{1-4}$, while the toxicity of STX was only about 1/40 of that of $GTX_s$.