Studies on the Measurement of Thermal Diffusivity and Thermophysical Characteristics of Defatted and Nondefatted Starches

전분의 열확산율 측정 및 물리적 특성에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Min-Yong (Department of Refrigeration Engineering, Yosu National Fisheries College) ;
  • Kong, Jai-Yul (Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Fisheries University of Pusan) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Han (Department of Refrigeration Engineering, Yosu National Fisheries College) ;
  • Cheong, Jin-Woong (Korea Food Research Institute)
  • Published : 1990.02.01

Abstract

The thermal diffusivity of defatted and nondefatted starches were measured on the basis of one dimensional semi-infinitive theory. Differential scanning calorymetry was used to study the effects of cooling rate, fat and water contents on the enthalpy and entropy changes with the cooling rate of $-2.5{\sim}10^{\circ}C/min$. Thermal diffusivity of defatted and nondefatted straches were determined to be $4.14{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}4.96{\times}10^{-4}(m^2/h),\;4.09{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}4.81{\times}10^{-4}(m^2/h)$ in unfrozen state, and $2.78{\times}10^{-3}{\sim}3.91{\times}10^{-3}(m^2/h),\;2.26{\times}10^{-3}{\sim}3.57{\times}1-^{-3}(m^2/h)$ in frozen state respectively. On decreasing temperatures in frozen state, thermal diffusivities of starches were increased and entropy and enthalpy were decreased, and more rapid cooling rates resulted in a decrease in entropy. A linear relation was observed between enthropy, enthaly and water content. Thermal diffusivity was decreased, and entropy was increasing fat content. With water content ranging from 35 to 90%, enthalpy and entropy of straches were found to be $107{\sim}216 (kcal /moi),\;0.45{\sim}0.94(kcal/mol.\;K)$, respectively.

곡물류 및 고탄수화물 식품의 저온저장 장치의 설계 및 열역학적 특성 규명의 지표가 되는 열확산율, 엔탈피와 엔트로피의 온도 및 농도의존성과 생각속도의 영향을 측정하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 전분을 탈지함으로서 열확산율은 증가하는 효과를 나타내었으나 비열이 큰 지방의 감소로 엔탈피 및 엔트로피는 감소하였다. 동결과정이 진행됨에 따라 엔탈피, 엔트로피 및 자유에너지가 감소함으로서 안정화되었다. 수분함량 $35{\sim}90%$에서의 전분의 엔탈피와 엔트로피 및 자유에너지는 $107{\sim}216 (kcal /moi),\;0.45{\sim}0.94(kcal/mol.\;K),\;15.47{\sim}17.5kcal/mol$로서 수분함량에 따라 선형적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 냉각속도 $-2.5{\sim}10.0^{\circ}C/min$에서 엔탈피는 $83{\sim}186kcal/mol$, 엔트로피는 $0.39{\sim}0.78kcal/mol.K$로서 냉각속도가 감소할수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다.

Keywords