Abstract
The lipid compositions of total lipid extracted from the flesh divided into albinic type and melanic type of culture shellfishes, i.e. Achatina fucica Bowdich, Ampullarius insularus were compared. Total lipid contents of shellfishes were $1.11{\sim}3.25%$, the levels were appeared higher in Ampullarius insularus than Achatina fucica Bowdich, and in albinic type than melanic type. It was found that the contents of neutral lipids $(31.79{\sim}40.60%)$ and phospholipids $(50.95{\sim}62.12%)$ were high, while that of glycolipids $(4.84{\sim}9.47%)$ were low. The major fatty acids in total lipid of each sample were $C_{18:2}(11.92{\sim}14.37%)$, $C_{18:1}(12.34{\sim}13.64%)$, $C_{20:4}(11.03{\sim}13.74%)$, $C_{16:0}(7.45{\sim}15.39%)$ and $C_{18:0}(7.34{\sim}11.80%)$ and additionally $C_{20:2}(9.62{\sim}10.19%)$ in Achatina fucica Bowdich, and the major fatty acid composition in total lipids of each sample showed no significant differences between albinic type and melanic type, respectively. Particularly the content of $C_{16:0}$ in total lipids was shown more abundant in Ampullarius insularus and that of $C_{18:0}$, C_{20:2}$ in Achatina fucica Bowdich. The content of polyene acids in total lipids occupied higher level in Achatina fucica Bowdich but $C_{22:6}$ was almost detected, and observed relatively higher amounts in Ampullarius insularus. The main fatty acids in neutral lipid of Achatina fucica Bowdich were $C_{18:2}(16.80{\sim}17.74%)$, $C_{20:2}(12.15{\sim}12.59%)$, $C_{18:1}(9.79{\sim}10.37%)$, $C_{18:0}(7.71{\sim}12.43%)$ and C_{16:0},\;C_{20:4}$ and additionally $C_{18:3} (20.90%)$ was shown predominant in melanic type and the level of polyene acid highest in neutral lipids. The neutral lipids in each type of Ampullarius insularus were mainly composed of $C_{16:0}(16.96{\sim}17.46%)$, $C_{18:1}(13.79{\sim}13.95%)$ and $C_{18:2} (12.90{\sim}15.70%)$ and additionally it chiefly consisted of $C_{18:1}$, $C_{20:4}$and$C_{22:6}$. The major fatty acids in each type of glycolipids were $C_{18:2}(19.01{\sim}19.72)$, $C_{16:0}(12.89{\sim}18.76%)$ and $C_{18:0}(12.68{\sim}17.52%)$ and additionally $C_{18:1}$ in Achatina fucica Bowdich, but $C_{22:1}$ was detected in relatively higher level by 6.95% in albinic type only. The major fatty acids in glycolipids were $C_{18:2}(12.46{\sim}18.21%)$, $C_{16:0}(10.43{\sim}18.48%)$, $C_{20:1}(10.51{\sim}14.59%)$, $C_{20:4}(8.24{\sim}12.34%)$ and additionally it chiefly consisted of $C_{18:0}\;and\;C_{18:1}$ in Ampullarius insularus. The fatty acid composition in phospholipids of each sample was very resembled to total lipids, respectively.
서식환경이 다소 상이한 식용달팽이와 왕우렁이를 albinic type과 melanic type으로 나누어 지질조성을 비교 검토하였다. 각 시료의 총지질량은 $1.11{\sim}3.25%$로 왕우렁이가 식용달팽이보다, albinic type이melanic type보다 다소 높게 나타났다. 각 지질성분 중 중성지질은 $31.79{\sim}40.60%$, 당지질은 $4.84{\sim}9.47%$, 인지질은 $50.95{\sim}$62.12%로 식용달팽이는 type 별로 각 지질 함량이 유사하였으나, 왕우렁이는 중성지질과 인지질함량이 melanic type에서 다소 높았다. 각 시료별 albinic type과 melanic type과의 총지질의 지방산 조성이 비슷하였으며 대체로 $C_{18:2}(11.92{\sim}14.37%)$, C_{18:1}(12.34{\sim}13.64%)$, $C_{20:4}(11.03{\sim}13.74%),$, C_{16:0}(7.45{\sim}15.39%)$ 및 $C_{18:0}(7.34{\sim}11.80%)$ 이 주요 구성지방산을 이루고, 그밖에 식용달팽이 중에 $C_{20:2}(9.62{\sim}10.19%)$ 함량이 많았다. 총지질중 특히$C_{16:0}$은 왕우렁이에, $C_{18:0}$, C_{20:2}$는 식용달팽이에 월등히 많았고, polyene산은 식용달팽이에서 보다 많은 비중을 차지하였으나 $C_{22:6}$이 식용달팽이에서는 거의 검출되지 않은 반면 왕우렁이에서 다소 높게 검출되었다. 중성지질의 지방산 조성은 식용달팽이 경우 $C_{18:2}(16.80{\sim}17.74%)$, $C_{20:2} (12.15{\sim}12.59%)$, $C_{18:1}(9.79{\sim}10.37%)$ 및 $C_{18:0}(7.71{\sim}12.43%)$과 $C_{16:0}$, $C_{20:4}$ 함량이 많으나 그밖에 melanic type에서 $C_{18:3}(20.90%)$ 함량이 매우 높았으며, 또한 polyene산 함량도 가장 높게 나타났다. 왕우렁이는 $C_{16:0}(16.96{\sim}17.46%)$, $C_{18:1}(13.79{\sim}13.95%)$, $C_{18:2}(12.90{\sim}15.70%)$ 및 $C_{18:0}$, $C_{20:4}$, $C_{22:6}$이 주성분으로 type별로 그 조성이 비슷하였다. 당지질은 식용달팽이 경우 $C_{18:2}(19.01{\sim}19.72%)$, $C_{16:0}(12.89{\sim}18.76%)$, $C_{18:0}(12.68{\sim}17.52%)$와 $C_{18:1}$이 주요 지방산이었으나 이중 $C_{16:0}$, $C_{18:0}$이 melanic type에 다소 높은 반면 $C_{22:1}$이 albinic type에서만 6.95%로 비교적 높게 나타났다. 왕우렁이는 $C_{18:2}(12.46{\sim}18.21%)$, $C_{16:0}(10.43{\sim}18.48%)$, $C_{20:1}(10.51{\sim}14.59%)$, $C_{20:4}(8.24{\sim}12.34%)$ 및 $C_{18:0}$, $C_{18:1}$이 주를 이루었다. 각 시료의 인지질의 지방산 조성 및 함량은 총지질과 거의 유사하였다.