Effects of Extrusion-Texturization on Defatted Soy Flour for Soy Sauce Fermentation

압출성형기에 의한 전처리가 탈지대두분의 장유 제조특성에 미치는 영향

  • Oh, Kyeong-Keun (Foods Research and Development Center, Cheil Foods and Chemicals, Inc.) ;
  • Jung, Heon-Woong (Foods Research and Development Center, Cheil Foods and Chemicals, Inc.) ;
  • Park, Ji-Yong (Foods Research and Development Center, Cheil Foods and Chemicals, Inc.) ;
  • Lim, Jae-Kag (Foods Research and Development Center, Cheil Foods and Chemicals, Inc.) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Cherl (Foods Research and Development Center, Cheil Foods and Chemicals, Inc.)
  • 오경근 (제일제당(주) 건강식품연구소) ;
  • 정헌웅 (제일제당(주) 건강식품연구소) ;
  • 박지용 (제일제당(주) 건강식품연구소) ;
  • 임재각 (제일제당(주) 건강식품연구소) ;
  • 김재철 (제일제당(주) 건강식품연구소)
  • Published : 1993.02.01

Abstract

Extruded defatted soy flour (DSF) with twin screw extruder was compared with steam treated DSF for soy sauce fermentation. Independent variables of response surface methodology (RSM) for extrusion were barrel temperature $(145{\sim}165^{\circ}C)$, feed moisture content $(25{\sim}35%)$, and feed rate $(20{\sim}30\;kg/hr)$. Extrusion conditions for production of the extrudates having highest water absorption capacity, lowest bulk density and highest expansion ratio were obtained by regression analysis of each dependent variable. Electron photomicrographs revealed significant increase of porosity inside the koji made from extruded DSF. Therefore, growth of fungi inside the koji made from extrudates of DSF was accelerated to achieve higher activities of protease, ${\alpha}-amylase$, and glucoamylase compared to the koji made from steamed DSF. Although amino acid composition of soy sauces prepared from two different DSF did not show any significant difference, the content of free amino acids in soluble nitrogen compounds was higher $(13%{\pm}2)$ in soy sauce made from extruded SDF. During the whole period of fermentation color of soy sauce made from extrudates of DSF was darker. Sensory evaluation did not reveal any serious off-odor and off-taste in the soy sauce fermented from extruded DSF.

압출처리시 일어나는 탈지대두분의 팽화율, 하적밀도, 수분흡수율 변화들을 지표로 하여 압출처리한 탈지대두분과 종래의 증자법에 의한 탈지대두로 발효, 숙성시킨 양조간장을 비교, 분석하였다. 각각의 최적 물리적 조건에서 압출처리한 탈지대두로 만든 고오지는 고오지 내부와 외부에서 균사의 발육이 잘 일어났으나 증자에 의한 탈지대두로 만든 고오지는 표면에서만 균사의 발육이 일어났다. 양조간장에 있어서 총질소는 대조구와 비교해 큰 차이는 없으나 포몰태 질소는 30% 정도 높은 값을 나타냈으며, 간장의 색도 또한 대조구보다 더 진한 색을 나타내었다. 양조간장의 아미노산 조성은 탈지대두분의 원료처리 방법에 따라 큰 차이는 없었으나, 총아미노산 함량은 대조구보다 $10{\sim}15%$ 높게 나타났다. 또한 대조구와 비교하여 특별한 이미나 이취가 없음을 관능검사를 통해 알 수 있었다.

Keywords