The PTCR Effect of Semiconducting Zn-Ti-Ni-O Ceramics

Zn-Ti-Ni-O 반도성 세라믹스의 PTCR 현상

  • 고일영 (서울대학교 무기재료공학과) ;
  • 최승철 (아주대학교 재료공학과) ;
  • 김환 (서울대학교 무기재료공학과)
  • Published : 1993.08.01

Abstract

Semiconducting Zn-Ti-Ni-O and Zn-Ti-O system were investigated. The specimens sintered at the temperature between 125$0^{\circ}C$ and 145$0^{\circ}C$ exhibited PTCR effect between -5$0^{\circ}C$ and 35$0^{\circ}C$ with resistivity ration exceeding three decades. Semiconducting Zn-Ti-Ni-O is consisted of two phases, one is n-type ZnO and the other is p-type spinel structure. The mechanism of PTCR effect was explained in relation to the piezoelectric property of ZnO and the residual stress caused by thermal expansion difference between two phases during cooling process.

Keywords

References

  1. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. v.47 no.10 Resistivity Anormaly in Doped Barium Titanate W. Heywang
  2. Solid State Electron v.7 no.12 Some Aspects of Semiconducting Barium Titanate G.H. Jonker
  3. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. v.14 no.9 Properties of Semiconductive Barium Titanate O. Saburi
  4. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. v.64 no.11 Effect of Microstructure on the PTCR Effect in Semiconductor Barium Titanate Ceramics M. Kuwabara
  5. J. Appl. Phys. v.44 no.1 A New Class of Switching Materials F. Bueche
  6. Polym. Eng. Sci. v.18 no.8 Electrical Properties of Carbon Black Filled Polyethylene M. Narkis;A. Ram;F. Flashmer
  7. Polym. Eng. Sci. v.23 no.1 Electron Transport Processes in Conductor-Filled Polymers R.D. Sherman;L.M. Middleman;S.M. Jacobs
  8. J. Mater. Sci. v.24 Metal Oxide-Polymer Thermistors D.M. Moffatt;J.P. Runt;A. Halliyal;R.E. Newnham
  9. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. v.75 no.7 Positive-Temperature Coefficient Effect in Graphite-Cristobalite Composites T. Ota;I. Yamai
  10. U.S. Pat. 2,892,988 Electrical Resistance Elements and Method of Producing the Same C. Schusterius
  11. U.S. Pat. 3,037,942 Positive Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity Resistor J.H. Ingold(et al.)
  12. Solid State Electronics v.6 Positive Temperature Coefficient of Electrical Resistivity in Some ZnO-TiO₂-NiO Ceramics R.H. Pry;S.P. Mitoff
  13. Proc. Am. Ceram. Soc. Ann. Meeting Processing and Properties of Zn-Ni-Ti-O PTCR Thermistors K.S. Kirkpatrick;U. Balachandran;R.B. Poeppel
  14. Proc. Jpn. Ceram. Soc. Ann. Meeting PTC Characteristics of ZnTiNiO Ceramics H. Niimi;Y. Yoneda;Y. Sakabe
  15. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. v.73 no.5 Toughening of a Particulate-Reinforced Ceramic-Matrix Composite by Thermal Resisdual Stress M. Taya;S. Hayashi;A.S. Kobayashi;H.S. Yoon
  16. Soviet Phys. Tech. Phys. v.2 Nonlinear Semiconductors based upon ZnO-TiO₂ Kh. S Valeev;M.D. Mashkovich
  17. Appl. Phys. Lett. v.29 no.1 Pressure Effects on Metal Oxide Varistors J. Wong;F.P. Bundy
  18. J. Electron Mater. v.6 no.5 Effect of Externally Applied Pressure on Zinc Oxide Varistors T.K. Gupta;M.P. Mathur;W.G. Carlson
  19. J. Appl. Phys. v.50 no.10 Effects of Hydrostatic pressure up to 25kbars on Zinc Oxide Varistors-Static Loading J.E. Schoutens;S.L. Senesac
  20. J. Appl. Phys. v.57 no.12 Electrical Characteristics of Zinc Oxide Varistors Subjected to Hydrostatic Pressure O. Dorlanne;B.Ar.P. Destruel;A. Loubiere
  21. J. Appl. Phys. v.48 no.10 The Physics of Zinc Oxide Varistors P.R. Emtage
  22. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. v.59 no.1-2 Dependence of Electrical Conductivity of ZnO on Degree of Sintering M. Takata;D. Tsubone;H. Yanagida