Identification of the Marine Microorganisms Producing Bioactives -I. Isolation and Cultural Conditions of the Marine Actinomycetes No. 101 Producing Antimicrobial compounds-

생리활성물질을 생성하는 해양미생물의 동정 -I. 항미생물 물질을 생산하는 해양방선균 분리균주 No. 101의 분리 및 배양조건-

  • CHOI Jong-Duck (Department of Marine Food Science and Technology Tong-Yeong Fisheries College) ;
  • PARK Uk-Yeon (Department of Food Science and Technology, National Fisheries University of Pusan)
  • 최종덕 (통영수산전문대학 수산가공과) ;
  • 박욱연 (부산수산대학교 식품공학과)
  • Published : 1993.07.01

Abstract

Marine organisms were investigated to identify the marine actinomycetes that produced noble bioactive compounds. Microorganism counts range from $2.1{\times}10^3\;to\;1.2{\times}10\;CFU/g$ of marine organisms. Actinomycetes constituted 0.01 to $0.5\%$ of culturable microbial community. We identified the marine actinomycetes that produced novel bioactive compounds. During the course of screening for bioactives from the marine microorganisms, we found that the strain in sponge had antimicrobial activities. From the morphological, cultural and various physiological characteristics, this strain was identified for Actinomycetes No. 101. The optimal compositions of culture medium for Actinomycetes No. 101 were starch 30g/l as carbon source, casamino acid 10g/l as nitrogen source. The optimal pH of medium and fermentation temperature were $6.5{\sim}7.0$ and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. Fermentation has been conducted in the marine broth at $30^{\circ}C$ for 72 hour. The yield of fermentation got about 3g as dry weight(per liter of broth). The distribution of antimicrobial activity of Actinomycetes No. 101 was screened by paper disc. The extract of cultured cell and broth inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, but the inhibition action was week against yeast and mold.

본 연구에서는 생리활성물질을 생성하는 해양미생물을 분리하기 위하여 연근해역의 해면을 조사하였다. 해면 중의 미생물은 $1.2{\times}10{\sim}2.1{\times}10^3/g$ 범위에 있었고, 이들 중 방선균은 $0.01{\sim}0.5\%$(data 생략)로 나타났다. 분리된 미생물은 각각 배양하여 항균물질을 검토하였으며, 검토하던 중에 비교적 강한 항균물질을 생산하는 균주 No. 101을 분리, 선발하였다. 선발된 균의 특징은 sclerotia로 형태가 다양하였고, 다양한 배지에서 생육이 가능하였고, 기균사의 색깔은 회백색, 배면의 색깔은 주로 회백색에서 갈색으로 나타났으며, 젤라틴 액화능과 전분 분해능을 가지나 myo-inositol은 이용하지 못하였다. 이 균의 배양학적 특성은 최적 pH 및 온도가 $6.5{\sim}7.0$$30^{\circ}C$였으며, 탄소원으로는 starch가 30g/l, 질소원으로는 casamino acid 10g/l가 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 방선균 No. 101의 균체 및 균배양액의 추출물에 대한 항균 및 항진균성에서는 Staphylococcus aureus와 Bacillus subtilis에서 강한 항균력을, 효모와 곰팡이에 대하여는 낮은 항진균성을 나타내었다.

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