Effect of Water Addition and Heating on Textural Properties of Uncompressed SPI Tofu

비압착 분리대두단백 두부의 물리적 특성에 미치는 가수량과 가열조건의 영향

  • Ku, Kyung-Hyung (Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Won (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Shinheung junior college) ;
  • Kim, Woo-Jung (Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University)
  • Published : 1994.02.01

Abstract

In order to prepare SPI tofu without compression step, amounts of water added to SPI suspension was studied for textural properties of uncompressed SPI tofu prepared by first heating at $100^{\circ}C$ for 6 minutes and second heating at $75^{\circ}C$ for 25 minutes and use of $CaSO_{4}-GDL$(0.07g, 0.0075 g/g SPI) as coagulants. The hardness and uniformity were gradually increased as the water addition ratio $(gH_{2}O/g\;SPI)$ raised from 6.0 to 8.0 and cohesiveness was rather decreased. The increase in second heating time increased the hardness and gumminess and relativity higher values in hardness were measured for those tofu heated at $85^{\circ}C$ than those at $75^{\circ}C$ or $95^{\circ}C$. A multiple regression equation calculated and RSM figure showed that the effects of water addition ratio was become to be less as the heating time and temperature increased. Addition of 8 g of water per g SPI and second heating at $85^{\circ}C$ for $30{\sim}60$ minutes were found as optimal conditions to prepare uncompressed SPI tofu.

압착 과정이 없는 SPI 두부를 제조하기 위하여 수분 첨가량을 조사하기 위하여 균질화된 SPI분산액을 $100^{\circ}C$에서 6분간 1차 가열한뒤 냉각하여 응고제($CaSO_{4}-GDL$, 0.07g, 0.0075g/g SPI)를 첨가하고, $75^{\circ}C$에서 25분간 2차 가열하여 제조된 비압착 두부의 물리적 특성을 조사하였다. 전반적으로 수분 함량이 6배에서 8배로 증가함에 따라 견고성과 균일성은 증가하였고, 응집성은 감소하는 경향이었으며, 비압착두부의 수분 첨가 범위는 $7{\sim}8$배로 정하였다. 2차 가열시간이 증가함에 따라 견고성, 껌성이 증가되었는데, 온도별로 살펴보면 $85^{\circ}C$ 가열구가 $75^{\circ}C$$95^{\circ}C$에서 가열한 것보다 높은 값을 나타내었다. 또 물리적 특성의 하나인 견고성을 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 계산된 식으로 표면반응분석을 도시한 결과 수분 첨가량의 비율이 가열시간이나 온도 증가에 의한 영향보다 비교적 적었다. 비압착 SPI두부의 최적 수분첨가량은 SPI g당 8g이었고, 2차 가열시간은 $85^{\circ}C$에서 $30{\sim}60$분간이었다.

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