약용식물로부터 오이흰가루병에 대한 항균성물질 탐색 및 동정

Screening and Identification of Fungicidal Compounds Derived from Medicinal Plants against Cucumber Powdery Mildew

50종의 약용식물추출액을 공시하여 흰가루병에 대한 방제효과를 검정하고 생리활성 물질을 분리, 동정하였다. 공시약용식물중에서 대황의 물추출액은 200배의 희석농도에서도 100%의 포자발아억제 효과를 나타내서 가장 효과가 있었고, 대황의 물추출액 50배, 알콜추출액 100배, 조물질 500배, 표준품 1000배 희석농도까지도 60%이상의 발병억제효과가 있었으며, 조물질 500배액에서 2회 이상 살포하면 100% 발병억제 효과가 있었다. 그리고 조물질 100배 액에서는 약해가 있었으나 500배액에서는 약해가 없었다. 대황에 함유되어 있는 생리활성물질은 anthraquinone유도체인 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione과 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione으로 잠정 동정되었다.

This experiment was conducted to test the fungicidal activity of extracts from 50 medicinal plants to powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fulinginea) and identify the bioactive substances. Among the medicinal plants tested, the water extract of Rheum undulatum was the most effective in spore germination inhibition, which inhibited by 100% at 200-fold dilution. Also, 50-fold dilution of water extract, 100-fold dilution of alcohol extract, 500-fold dilution of crude extract from Rheum undulatum and even 1000-fold dilution of reference chemical inhibited powdery mildew of cucumber more than 60%. 500-fold dilution of crude extract inhibited powdery mildew of cucumber 100% by twice spray treatment. There was phytotoxcity at the 100-fold dilution, but was not recognized this injury at the 500-fold dilution of crude extract. From our research to identify bioactive substance using HPLC, GLC and Mass spectrum analysis, it indicated that Rheum undulatum extract contained tentatively 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione and 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione.