Isolations of Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungi from the Korean Native Orchid Plants

한국의 자생 난과식물에서 난균근균(蘭菌根菌)(Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungi) 분리

  • Lee, Sang-Sun (Graduate School (Biological Science and Education) Korea National University of Education) ;
  • Riew, Hee-Kyun (Graduate School (Biological Science and Education) Korea National University of Education) ;
  • Paek, Kee-Yoeup (Research Center for the development of Advanced Horticultural Technology, Chung-Buk National University)
  • 이상선 (한국교원대학교 대학원(생물교육)) ;
  • 유희균 (한국교원대학교 대학원(생물교육)) ;
  • 백기엽 (충북대학교 농과대학 첨단 원예기술개발 연구센터)
  • Published : 1997.06.30

Abstract

This study was to identify the orchid mycorrhizal fungi and to test whether the orchid plants antificially inoculated with this fungus showed better growth them uninoculated plants. Symbioses in the root cells of the native plants of Cymbidium goeringii collected were observed and the digestive forms of peletons were also observed in various native roots. Two types of hyphae, thick $(7{\sim}10\;{\mu}m)$ and thin $(2{\sim}4\;{\mu}m)$ in thickness, were conclusively found to be from various native orchid roots. The symbiotic fungus was isolated by several agars and identified as a Rhizoctonia repens or a R. endophytica var. endophytica. Symbioses on the plantlets of C. karnan and Cymbidium hybrid 'Onomoron' were evaluated as the isolates inoculated on oatmeal agars. The growth of plantlets were measured with the formations of mycorrhizae in the roots. R. repens was shown to be the better isolate than the other in growth stimulation of plantlets on oatmeal agars when grown for two months. The two types of hyphae in the root cells under nature were speculated from the different fungal isolates of Rhizoctonia. Further isolates would be needed for application works for the orchid industries.

현재 원예계에서 난의 재배는 중요한 품목이며, 화훼계에서 차지하는 비율이 높다. 우리 나라의 5개 자생지에서 채집한 춘란과 난 농원에서 조직 배양하여 재배한 심비디움류의 뿌리에서 공생하는 균을 분리하고, 또한 염색하여 현미경 관찰을 하였다. 난의 뿌리세포에 침투한 균은 읽히고 꼬인 정도가 다양한 균구를 형성하였다. 균구를 이루는 균사들의 직경은 가느다란 것에서 굵은 것까지 다양했고, 소화 단계상 다양한 균구를 관찰할 수 있었다. 난 뿌리속에 있는 내생균근균을 순수 분리하여 동정하였으며, R. repens와 R. endophytica var. endophytica로 동정하였다. 이들의 균을 제주한란과 오트모론을 이용하여 공생관계를 측정하였다. 또한, 여러 가지 동양란과 서양란의 접종하여 개체당 생체량의 증가율을 측정하였을 때 난균근균에 감염된 실험구의 난이 모두 대조구의 난보다 높은 증가율을 나타내었다. 이것으로부터 우리나라의 자생란인 보춘화에서 분리된 R. repens가 난과식물에 대해 공생 능력이 있는 난균근균임을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

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