Abstract
An opening efficiency experiment of anchovy boat seine has been carried out using a half size of the ordinary seine to reduce the size of the seine net and to improve the fishing efficiency from field operation. The intervals of towing boats were set at 100, 200 and 300m, and the towing speed, at 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2k't by possible combinations of them. The vertical openings of wing net, inside wing net, bagnet and flapper as well as the spreads of the seine net and the towing tension of the warp were measured, to find out efficient fishing gear and method of the anchovy boat seine. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The vertical opening of the inside wing net ranged from 8.7m to 12.0m at the normal current and from 7.0m to 10.0m at the counter current, and that of the wing net, from 8.4m to 19.8m at the normal current and from 4.9m to 16.3m at the counter current. The vertical opening of the wing net and inside wing net decreased as the towing speed and intervals of the boats increase, from 66% to 16% and from 32% to 18% of the normal opening, respectively. 2. The vertical opening of the fore of bag net ranged from 7.9m to 12.8m at the normal current and from 7.4m to 9.7m at the counter current, and that of the flapper, from 3.4m to 5.1m at the normal current and from 4.4m to 5.1m at the counter current, and that of the flapper, from 3.4m to 5.1m at the normal current and from 4.4m to 5.1m at the counter current. The vertical opening of the bag net was from 98% to 57% of the normal opening and the flapper showed a circular shape and it rose up to the upper layer with a slower towing speed. 3. The vertical opening of the end of the bag net ranged from 7.1m to 9.3m at the normal current and from 7.4m to 8.8m at the counter current. The end of the bag net rose up to the upper layer, This phenomenon was more apparent as the towing speed and the interval of the boats increase. 4. The towing tension of the experimental nets increased from 648kg to 2,716kg at the normal current and from 1,050kg to 6,010kg at the counter current with increasing towing speed. 5. The net depth of the anchovy seine was stable with the higher towing speed and the wider interval of the boats, but it was unstable by rising up to the upper layer with the lower towing speed and the narrower interval of towing boats.
본 연구에서는 권현망의 축소, 개량을 전제로 현행 어구를 2/1로 축소하여 해상실험을 행하였다. 실험에서는 양선간격을 100m, 200m, 300m의 3단계로, 예망속도를 0.6k't. 0.9k't, 1.2k't의 3단계로, 변화시켜가며 오비기, 수비, 자루그물, 깔대기 등의 망고를 계측하여 어구의 전개성능을 파악하였으며, 끌줄의 예망장력도 계측하여 어구어법의 개선방향을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 예망중 권현망의 날개에서의 망고는 수비에서 순조시 12.0~8.7m, 역조시 10.0~7.0m로 오비기에서 순조시 19.8~8.4m, 역조시 16.3~4.9m로 나타났다. 이들 망고는 예망속도와 양선간격의 증가에 따라 점차 낮아지며, 오비기와 수비에서 각각 정상적인 전개의 16%~66%, 18%~32% 정도를 나타내었다. 2. 자루에서의 망고는 입구에서 순조시 12.8~7.9m, 역조시 9.7~7.4m로, 깔대기에서 순조시 5.1~3.4m, 역조시 5.1~4.4m로 나타났으며, 입구에서의 망고는 정상적인 전개의 57%~98% 정도로 전개되었다. 이때 깔대기 망형상은 원형에 가까우나 예망속도가 저속일 때에 위쪽으로 떠오르는 경향을 보였다. 3. 자루의 형상은 자루뒤끝의 망고가 순조시 9.3~7.1m, 역조시 8.8~7.4m로 나타났으며, 전체적으로 자루뒤끝이 크게 끌어 올려지는 현상이 나타났으나, 이 현상은 예망속도가 느릴수록 양선간격이 좁을수록 더 두드러졌다. 4. 예망장력은 순조시 648~2,716kg, 역조시 1,050~6,010kg으로 나타났으며, 예망속도가 예망장력에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 5. 어구의 예망수층은 예망속도 및 양선간격이 증가할수록 안정되며, 예망속도가 느리고 양선간격이 좁을수록 불안정하여 자루뒤끝이 들리는 현상을 나타내었다.
