Garlic Mite-borne Virus Isolated from Cultivated Garlic in Korea

한국산 마늘에서 분리된 응애전파성 바이러스

Many cloves of native cultivated garlics in Korea were found to be infested by mites when observed with stereo-microscope. The mite was identified by light and scanning electron microscopic observation as Aceria tulipae. Surveying viruses from the vegetatively propagated garlic, highly flexuous, filamentous particles (700∼800 nm) were detected in Aceria tulipae, local lesions of Chenopodium murale after sap transmissions, mosaic garlic leaves inoculated with mite-borne virus by transmission of Aceria tulipae and naturally infected garlic leaves. The mite-borne virus isolated did not react with antisera of aphid-borne potyviruses (LYSV-G, LYSV-L, WoYSV) or carlavirus (GLV), but reacted with antisera of garlic mite-borne viruses (GV-C, GMbMV). In ultratin sections of mite-borne virus infected garlic tissues, aggregates of virus particles and membrane proliferations were found in the parenchyma cells, but cytoplasmic cylindrical inclusions were not observed. Heavily mite-infested plants showed streaking and malformation due to mite feeding. The mite-borne virus was identified as garlic mite-borne mosaic virus (GMbMV), the mite-borne genus Rymovirus of the Potyviridae by mite transmission, morphology of virus particles, serological relationships, host range, distribution pattern of virus particles and inclusion bodies in the infected cells. The results demonstrate that mite-borne virus is one of the major viruses infecting native cultivated garlic plants showing mosaic or streak symptoms in Korea.