High Temperature-Cooking Effects on Protein Quality of Fish Extracts

Fish extracts were processed at high temperature (136.7 ~14$0^{\circ}C$) for possible use as functional food ingredients. Raw fish meats and those hydrothermal extracts were compared with respect to in vitro and in vivo protein qualities. 95% of fat inraw meats was reduced in extracts but there were not remarkable changes in other macronutrients in freeze-dried extracts. Most of essential amino acids were decreased significantly but two times more proline and glycine were detected in extracts. High temperature cooking resulted 2.1 ~3.7 times of higher total free amino acid content infish extracts compared iwth raw meat, and taurine and glutamic acid were increased especially. Severe protein damages were occurred when invitro protein quality indices such as availblae lysine, hydrophilic browing, trypsin inhibitor formation and in vitro protein digestibility were measured on fish extracts. In vivo protein qualities were also strongly influenced by high temperature ; however rat-body-weight gain was nearly zero during PER assay, and rat PER or NPR of fish extracts were significantly lower (p<0.001) than those of cotnrol (ANRC casein) and original raw fish meats.