Genetic Analysis of Pigmentation Pattern in the Leopard Danio

Leopard danio 반문의 유전 양상과 생존율에 미치는 영향

  • 이병문 (제주대학교 대학원 수산생물학과) ;
  • 강거영 (제주대학교 대학원 수산생물학과) ;
  • 송춘복 (제주대학교 해양생물공학과)
  • Published : 1998.08.01

Abstract

Genetic analysis of body pigmentation pattern has been conducted by the reciprocal monohybrid and back crosses using the wild type zebrafish, Danio rerio, and its aquarium morphs (mutants), leopard danio. Also, the effect fo pigmentation mutation was investigated with regard to the survival rates of eggs and larvae for the first 15 days after fertilization. As a result, the pattern pigment distribution was inherited by a single gene having two alleles, and which was basically followed by the principle of dominace and segregaion in Mendelian inheritance. A locus for pigment pattern turned out to be located on an autosomal chromosome. Average survival rates estimated from the various crosses between, and within, wild type zebrafish and leopard danio were as follows ; they were 80.6${\pm}$4.8% from the crosses within leopard danios ($L{\times}L$), 70.6${\pm}$4.2% between leopard female and wild type male ($L{\times}Z$), 73.2${\pm}$2.0% between wild type female and leopard male ($Z{\times}L$), and 83.8${\pm}$6.7% within wild type zebrafish ($Z{\times}Z$). These results indicated that the leopard danio, which were reported as an "aquarium morph" several decades ago and also known as a mutant in pigmentation pattern of the wild type zebrafish, seemed to be genetically stable like the wild type of zebrafish.zebrafish.

Zebra danio와 leopard danio의 부모세대(Po)간의 상반교재를 병행한 교배실험에서 5개체의 small spotted type이 출현한 1개의 실험구를 제외하고는 모두 wild type으로 나타났다. 그리고 F하(1)세대 간의 상반교배로 태어난 F하(2)세대는 wild type과 spotted type의 비율이 모두 3 : 1로 나타났다. F하(1)세대와 Po세대와의 상반교배를 병행한 역교배실험에서는 부모세대를 zebra danio로 사용한 경우, wild type과 spotted type이 178 : 1, 2.7 : 1, 3.9 : 1로 출현하는 실험구를 제외하고는 모두 wild type으로 나타났고, spotted type을 사용한 역교배 및 검정교배실험에서 40개체의 small spotted type으로 출현하는 실험구를 제외하고는 모두 1 : 1의 비율을 나타내었다. Z x F(LZ) 교재실험구 중 두 개의 반복구(각각 2.7 : 1, 3.9 : 1 )에서 wild type과 spotted type의 비율이 3 : 1로 나타났으나, F하(1)세대간의 교배실험과 검정교배실험 결과, zebra danio 암컷이 이형접합자(Pp)였다고 추정되었다. Spotted type과 small spotted type으로 나타나는 예외적인 결과에 대해 아직까지 확실히 규명되지 않았지만, 모든 결과를 종합해 볼 때 반문을 조절하는 유전자의 인자형은 zebra danio가 동형 우성 (PP)이고, leopard danio가 동형 열성(pp)이며, 유전자는 상염색체 상에 존재한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 수정 후부터 15일째까지의 생존율 비교 실험에서 $Z{\times}Z$ (83.8${\pm}$6.7%)와 $L{\times}L$(80.6${\pm}$4.8%)는 생존율에 있어서 그 차이가 통계적으로 유의하지 않았으며, 이들과 다른 교배군인 $Z{\times}L$(73.2${\pm}$2.0%) 이나 $L{\times}Z$(70.6${\pm}$4.2%) 와는 유의차를 보였다. 따라서 D. frankei로 알려졌던 leopard danio는 zebrafish의 aquarium morph인 반문 돌연변이체이지만 leopard danio 사이에 교배가 이루어질 경우에는 유전적으로 안정되어 있음을 알 수 있는 반면에, wild type zebrafish와는 다소의 유전적인 부조화가 존재한다고 추정된다.

Keywords

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