염유집적(鹽類集積) 시설재배지(施設栽培地)의 토양미생물상(土壤微生物相) 평가(評價)

Evaluation of Soil Microflora in Salt Accumulated Soils of Plastic Film House

  • Kwon, Jang-Sik (National Institute or Agricultural Science and Technology) ;
  • Suh, Jang-Sun (National Institute or Agricultural Science and Technology) ;
  • Weon, Hang-Yeon (National Institute or Agricultural Science and Technology) ;
  • Shin, Jae-Sung (National Institute or Agricultural Science and Technology)
  • 발행 : 1998.06.30

초록

본 시험은 재배이역(栽培履歷)이 서로 상이한 시설재배지에서의 염류집원적지(鹽類集源積地)와 건전지(健全地)의 미생물상(微生物相)의 생태(生態)를 비교해석(比較解析)하고, 미생물(微生物)적 진단(診斷)에 의한 근권환경(根圈環境)의 동태(動態)와 개량기술(改良技術)을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 수행하였다. 주요 미생물(微生物)의 분포(分布)는 건전지(健全地)에서 형광성(螢光性) Pseudomonas 속 세균(細菌)의 밀도가 높은반면 염류장해지(鹽類障害地)에서는 병원성(病原性) Fuasarium 속의 밀도가 높고 형광성(螢光性) Pseudomonas 속 세균(細菌)이 낮은 분포밀도(分布密度)를 보였다. 토양중 유기물 함량이 증가할수록 Bacillus 속(屬), 형광성(螢光性) Pseudomonas 속(屬), Enterobacteriaceae 등 세균류(細菌類)의 밀도와 Microbial biomass C함량이 크게 증가하였으며, 토양의 전기전도도(電氣傳導度)(EC)가 $5.1dS\;m^{-1}$ 이상으로 높아지면 미생물(微生物)간의 비율중 세균(細菌)/사상균(絲狀菌)(B/F), 방선균(放線菌)/사상균(絲狀菌)(A/F)의 비율이 현저히 낮아지고 형광성(螢光性) Pseudomonas 속(屬) 세균(細菌)이 급격히 감소하였다. 토양 pH와 세균(細菌)과의 관계는 고도의 정(正)의 상관관계(相關關係)를, 사상균(絲狀菌)과는 부(負)의 상관관계(相關關係)를 보였으며, 토양유기물과 방선균(放線菌), Bacillus 속(屬), Enterobacteriaceae와는 각각 $r=0.226^*$, $r=0.334^{**}$, $r=0.276^{**}$, 치환성 Ca및 치환성 Mg함량과 방선균수(放線菌數)와는 각각 $r=0.334^{**}$, $r=0.352^{**}$, 유기물함량과 Microbial biomass C 함량과는 $R=0.439^{**}$의 유의성(有意性) 있는 상관을 보였다.

The experiment was conducted to obtain the basic data required to characterize and improve rhizosphere environment of salt-accumulated greenhouse(SAG) soils by comparing the soil properties and the microbial flora of such soils to those of unprotected arable upland(UAU) soils. Soils were sampled from greenhouses and unprotected upland fields around the country. Microbial propulation, biomass C content and soil chemical properties were of interest. Population density of fluorescent Pseudomonas was high in UAU soils, while those of pathogenic Fusarium sp. and fluorescent Pseudomonas were low in SAG soils. With increasing soil organic matter(OM) content, the population densities of Bacillus sp., fluorescent Pseudomonas sp., Enterobacteriaceae, and microbial biomass C content increased. As soil electrical conductivity(EC) increased higher than $5.1dS\;m^{-1}$, the ratios of bacteria to fungi(B/F) and actinomycetes to fungi(A/F) and the population density of fluorescent Pseudomonas decreased remarkably. The soil pH was positively related to the population density of aerobic bacteria, while it was negatively related to that of fungi. The soil OM content was significantly correlated to the population densities of actinomycetes($r=0.226^*$). Bacillus sp.($r=0.334^{**}$), Enterobacteriaceae($r=0.276^*$), and the microbial biomass C content($R=0.439^{**}$). The population density of actinomycetes was also significantly correlated with soil exchangeable Ca($r=0.334^{**}$) and Mg($r=0.352^{**}$).

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