Effects of Cryoprotectants on the Textural Changes of Whole-coagulated Soybean Curd (Tofu) during Frozen Storage

비압착 냉동저장 두부의 조직감 변화에 미치는 항냉동제의 효과

  • Chung, Sun-Hwa (Graduate School of Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Food Science and Technology (CAFST), Korea University) ;
  • Choi, Won-Seok (Graduate School of Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Food Science and Technology (CAFST), Korea University) ;
  • Son, Hye-Sook (Graduate School of Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Food Science and Technology (CAFST), Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Cherl-Ho (Graduate School of Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Food Science and Technology (CAFST), Korea University)
  • 정선화 (고려대학교 생명공학원, 식품가공핵심기술연구센터) ;
  • 최원석 (고려대학교 생명공학원, 식품가공핵심기술연구센터) ;
  • 손혜숙 (고려대학교 생명공학원, 식품가공핵심기술연구센터) ;
  • 이철호 (고려대학교 생명공학원, 식품가공핵심기술연구센터)
  • Published : 1999.08.31

Abstract

Effects of cryoprotectants on protein denaturation of soybean curd, tofu, during frozen storage were examined. A whole-coagulated non-press tofu was prepared by adding 2% of isolated soybean protein to soy milk in order to prevent loss of added cryoprotectants. The cryoprotectants added were glocose, glycerol, sorbitol, propylene glycol, and tripolyphosphate. The texture characteristics of soybean curds before and after frozen storage were measured by sensory evaluation and Texture analyzer, and the results were evaluated by response surface methodology (RSM). Glucose, glycerol, sorbitol, and sodium tripolyphosphate were effective as single cryoprotectant, and the mixtures of glucose and sodium tripolyphosphate, and sorbitol and propylene glycol were also effective in minimizing textural change during freezing. Overall, the mixture of cryoprotectants were more effective than single cryoprotectant. According to the RSM, the maximum effect of cryoprotectants in minimizing textural changes during freezing was obtained with the mixture of 2.1% glucose, 6.7% glycerol, 2.1% sorbitol, 0.4% propylene glycol, and 0.3% sodium tripolyphosphate. However, considering the sensory acceptability, the optimum use of cryoprotectants in frozen tofu was 1% glucose, 2% glycerol, 1% sorbitol, 0.2% propylene glycol, and 0.5% sodium tripolyphosphate.

두부의 냉동저장중에 일어나는 단백질 변성과 이로 인하여 일어나는 조직감 열화현상을 완화하기 위하여 항냉동제 첨가 두부의 제조 공정을 개발하고 항냉동제 최적 배합비율과 첨가량을 조사하였다. 여러 가지 항냉동제를 첨가하여 비압착 두부를 제조하여 냉동저장한 후 다시 해동한 냉동저장 두부의 조직감 변화를 반응표면분석법(RSM)으로 분석하고 관능검사 결과와 비교하였다. 냉동으로 인한 두부의 조직감 변화를 최소화하는데는 glucose, glycerol, sorbitol, sodium tripolyphosphate가 단일 항냉동제로서 효과가 있었으며, glycerol과 sodium tripolyphosphate 사이에서는 상호작용도 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 냉동두부에 항냉동제를 단독으로 첨가하는 것보다는 여러 가지를 혼합하여 첨가하는 것이 두부조직의 열화방지에 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 조직감 변화만을 고려한 절단시험의 RSM을 통하여 계산된 냉동두부의 항냉동제 최적 첨가량은 glucose 2.1%, glycerol 6.9%. sorbitol 2.1%, propylene glycol 0.4%, sodium tripolyphosphate 0.3% 이었으며, 조직감과 함께 맛과 향까지 고려한 전체 기호도 조사에 의한 항냉동제 최적 첨가량은 glucose 1%, glycerol 2%, sor-bitol 1%, propylene glycol 0.2%, sodium tripolyphosphate 0.5% 이었다.

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