A Study on the Food Habit and the Evaluation of Nutrient Intake of Preschool Children in Pusan

부산지역 학령전 아동의 식습관과 영양소 섭취평가에 관한 연구

  • 임화재 (동의대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 1999.12.01

Abstract

To assess the food habits, nutrient intake and diet quality of preschool children aged 1 to 6 in Pusan by their meals and snacks, dietary survey was conducted with 176 subjects by a questionnaire and 24hr recall method. 63.1% of the subjects often skipped meals and 72.1% of those skipped breakfast in the main. 94.5% had snacks over once per day. The mean energy intake was 1406.4kcal, with 57.7% of energy intake being supplied by carbohydrate, 13.7% by protein, 28.6% by fat. 54.9%, 71.7% and 26.5% of intakes of protein, calcium and iron were supplied respectively by animal food. Most of iron intake came from plant origin. The percent of calcium intake from animal origin was low significantly in a group aged 4 to 6(p<0.05). The mean intakes of calcium, iron and niacin of total subjects were below Recommended Dietary Allo wance(RDA) for Koreans. The mean intakes of iron and niacin of a group aged 1 to 3 were below RDA as well as those of energy, caicium, vitamin B2 and niacin of the group aged 4 to 6. For calcium, iron, vitamin A, niacin and vitamin C, proportions of subjects with intake levels less than 75% of RDA were all over 36%. For most nutrients, proportions of subjects with intake levels less than 75% of RDA were higher in the group aged 4 to 6 than in the group aged 1 to 3. Nutrient adequacy ratios(NAR) were the lowest in iron in case of the group aged 1 to 3 and in calcium in case of the group aged 4 to 6. NAR of iron increased and that of vitamin B2 decreased significantly along increase age(p<0.05). The mean adequacy ratios(MAR) were 0.82 for total subjects, 0.83 for the group aged 1 to 3 and 0.80 for the group aged 4 to 6. The indexes of nutritional quality(INQ) of calcium, iron and niacin of the group aged 1 to 3 were below 1 as well as those of calcium, vitamin B2 and niacin of the group aged 4 to 6. Both of the age groups received 31.6~59.0% of daily intakes of energy, fat, calcium, phosphrous, vitamin B2 and vitamin C from snacks. So snacks clearly play an important role in dietary intake. Both of the NARs of most nutrients and MAR were higher in snacks than in three meals. The INQs of calcium and iron from three meals and those of iron, vitamin A, vitamin B1 and niacin from snacks of the group aged 1 to 3 were all below 1. The INQs of calcium and vitamin B2 from three meals and those of vitamin A and niacin from snacks of the group aged 4 to 6 were all below 1. In conclusion, nutritional characteristics were different between the two age groups. More attention should be paid to improve adequacy of nutrient intake through meals. And dietary management for snacks is needed especially in the group aged 1 to 3.

Keywords

References

  1. Korean J. Dietary Culture v.9 Analysis of factors associated with the personal children's nutrition awareness Ⅰ. Assessment of the nutrition awareness and involvement in food-related activites Ahn,H.S.;Lim,H.J.
  2. 생활주기영양학 모수미;최혜미;구재옥;이정원
  3. Korean J. Community Nutr. v.1 Current nutritional status by different age group Park,H.R.
  4. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. v.22 Nutrition survey of children of a day care center in the low income area of pusan Ⅰ. A survey on nutritent intake and nutritional status Lee,J.S.
  5. Korean. J. Community Nutr. v.4 Nutritional status of preschool children in low income urbal area Ⅰ. Anthropometry and dietary intake Son,S.M.;Park,S.H.
  6. J. Korean Soc. Food Nutr. v.22 A survey on nutritional status and anthropometry of preschool children in orphanage Kye,S.H.;Park,K.D.
  7. J. Korean Soc. Food Nutr. v.23 Nutrition survey of children in a kindergarten of a private elementary school in pusan Kim,K.S.;Lee,S.H.;Chae,K.S.;Lim,H.J.
  8. Korean J. Nutr. v.32 A study on the food habit and dietary intake of preschool children Park,S.Y.;Paik,H.Y.;Moon,H.K.
  9. J. Korean Pub. Health Assoc. v.11 An ecological survey of early childhood nutrition in a Seamaul day care center, located in the suburb of Daegu Han,D.R.;Mo,S.M.
  10. 서울대 새마을운동 종합 연구 v.5 Food habits and nutirtional status of young children in a Seamaul day care center, located in the low income area of Seoul, relation to family and dietary environment Mo,S.M.;Lee,H.S.;Kim,S.B.;Han,D.R.;Hyun,T.S.;Lee,J.H.
  11. J. Korean Pub. Health Assoc. v.11 Food habits and nutritional status of young children in day care center, located in the low income area of Seoul, regarding the family and dietary environments Mo,S.M.;Lee,J.H.;Hyun,T.S.;Woo,M.K.;Kwak,C.S.;Lee,E.W.;Park,Y.S.
  12. J. Korean Home Economics Assoc. v.22 Dietary behaviors of young children in day care center regarding the family and dietary environments Mo,S.M.;Woo,M.K.
  13. Household measures of common used food items Korean Food Industry Association
  14. Recommended dietary allowances for Koreans (6th ed.) The Korean Nutrition Society
  15. Priciples of nutritional assessments Gibson,R.S.
  16. Korean J. Nutr. v.31 Assessment of dietar intake obtained by 24-hour recall method in adults living in Yeonchon area(Ⅰ) : Assessment based on nutrient intake Lee,S.Y.;Ju,D.L.;Paik,H.Y.;Shin,C.S.;Lee,H.K.
  17. J. Korean Dietetic Assoc. v.3 Elderly nutrition improvement program in the community health center : Nutritional evaluation of the elderly using the index of nutritional quality and food group intake pattern Yim,K.S.