Changes in Firmness, Mineral Composition and Pectic Substances of Mume(Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc) Fruits during Maturation

매실의 성숙중 경도, 무기성분 및 펙틴질의 변화

  • Published : 1999.12.01

Abstract

The changes in firmness, mineral compositions and pectic substances of Mume(Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc) fruits during maturation were determined. An average weight of the fruits in 92days after full bloom was increased during maturation proceeded up to the range of 212∼232%, as compared with that of 64days. The rate of weight increase of 'Ohshuku' fruits was 257%, and it was highest among four varieties. The ratio of stone to flesh weight was decreased, but the diameter of the flesh of fruits was increased during maturation. The firmness of 'Koume' fruits was rapidly decreased from 78days after full bloom. Three varieties, except 'Koume' fruits, showed similar changes in firmness. Potassium content of fruits was 85%. Calcium and Mg were decreased as the flesh of fruits became plump. The ratios of hydrochloric acid-soluble pectin(HSP) , water-soluble pectin(WSP), sodium hexamethaphosphate-soluble pectin(PSP), and sodium hydroxode-soluble pectin(SSP) contents to the total pectin content of the fruits were 66∼76, 8.4∼19.7, 5.4∼7.5 and 7.1∼8.3%, respectively. The total pectin content was increased up to 71days after full bloom, but it was decreased thereafter. Also, a significant increase of WSP and a decrease of HSP were observed during the softening process of fruits.

매실의 성숙중 경도, 무기성분 및 펙틴질의 변화를 조사한 결과, 과실중량은 성숙과 더불어 증가되어 개화 후 92일이 경과한 과실의 평균 중량은 64일 것에 비하여 212∼232% 정도로 증가되었다. 그리고 과실중핵 중량 비율은 감소한 반면, 횡경은 성숙과 함께 증가하였다. 과실의 경도는 '소매'의 경우 개화 78일 이후 급격히 감소한 반면 나머지 3가지 품종(남고, 백가하, 앵숙)은 유사한 경도의 감소를 보였다. 무기성분은 K이 전체의 85%를 차지하고 있으며, 과육의 비대와 함께 Ca와 Mg함량이 상대적으로 감소하였다. 매실의 총펙틴 함량은 개화 후 71일까지 증가하다가 성숙이 진행함에 따라 감소하였으며, 과실의 연화와 함께 수용성펙틴 함량은 증가하고 염산 가용성펙틴은 감소하였다. 총펙틴에 대한 가용성펙틴의 구성비는 염산 가용성펙틴이 66∼76%로 가장 높았고, 수용성펙틴 8.4∼19.7%, 염가용성펙틴 5.4∼7.5%, 알칼리 가용성펙틴 7.1∼8.3%등이었다.

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