Nutrient Removal Potential of water Hyacinth Cultured in Nutrient-enriched Water and Swinery Wastewater

부레옥잠의 수중영양염 제거 잠재력에 관한 고찰

  • 전만식 (강원대학교 자연과학대학 환경과학과) ;
  • 김범철 (강원대학교 자연과학대학 환경과학과)
  • Published : 1999.03.01

Abstract

Nutrients removal by water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms from nutrient enriched waters and swinery wastewater were evaluated. The contents of nitrogen and phosphorus of dried water hyacinth increased from 1.4 to 3.3% and 0.21 to 0.80% when water hyacinth available N and P in the culture medium were increased from 0.7 to 5.0 mgN/1 and 0.06 o 1.5 mgP/l. respectively. Maximum N and P contents were found to be 4.1 and 0.90%, respectively. The significant relationship was observed between the standing crop of water hyacinth and the biomass yield per unit area and time. Biomass yield increased gradually until standing crop reached 15 kg wet wt./m$^2$, and then rapidly decreased. The high biomass yield of up to 0.5 kg/m$^2$/day was obtained in the range of 7 to 20 kg/m$^2$of standing crop. The potential removal rates of N and P by the water hyacinth during summer were found to be 2,250 to 2,710 mgN/m$^2$/day and 570 to 595 mgP/m$^2$/day, respectively, when 15 kg/m$^2$in standing crop and nutrient concentrations of culture medium were ranged from 1.24 to 6.2 mgP/1 and 3.2 to 32.5 mgN/1, respectively, Inorganic N and P concentrations of swinery wastewater were in the range of 82 to 121 mgN/1 and 22 to 79 mgP/1, respectively. Nitrogen and P removal rates of water hyacinth cultured in swinery wastewater were found to be in the ranges of 2,000 to 2,600 mgN/m$^2$/day and 157 to 254 mgP/m$^2$/day, respectively, at 10 times diluted water of swinery wastewater.

부레옥잠을 이용한 수처리 시설의 설계에 활용될 수 있는 기초자료를 얻고자 인공배지를 이용하여 인, 질소농도와 부레옥잠의 현존량에 따른 인, 질소의 제거량을 예측하였다. 또한 돈사폐수에도 적용하여 인, 질소의 제거율을 검토하였다. 부레옥잠 조직내의 인, 질소함량은 배양수의 인, 질소농도에 따라 각각 0.22~1.02%, 1.4~4.1%의 범위를 보였으나, 배양수의 인, 질소농도가 각각 1.0 mgP/l 이상, 3.0 mgN/1 이상에서는 각각 0.8%, 3.5%로 거의 일정한 함량을 보였다. 부레옥잠의 수분함량도 인, 질소 농도에 따라 다르게 나타났으나 평균 92.3%이었다. 부레옥잠의 최대 현존량은 25 kg/m$^2$로 나타났으며, 최대의 증식량을 보이는 현존량은 약 15 kg/m$^2$으로 하루에 0.9 kg/m$^2$증식하였다. 배양수의 인 제거율은 배양수중의 인농도가 높을수록 현존량의 영향을 크게 받아 현존량이 약 15 kg/m$^2$까지 증가할수록 제거율도 높아지지만 그 이상의 현존량에서는 제거율이 급격히 낮아졌다. 배양수의 인 농도가 약 1.2 mgP/l까지는 인의 농도가 높아짐에 따라 제거율도 비례적으로 증가하였으나 그 이상의 농도에서는 큰 차이 없이 약 500 mgP/m$^2$/day의 제거율을 보였다. 질소의 제거율도 질소농도 3.2 mgN/1까지는 배양수의 질소 농도가 높을수록 비례적으로 높아지지만 그 이상의 농도에서는 비슷하여 약 2,500 mgN/m$^2$/day의 제거율을 보였다. 돈사 배출수의 무기인, 질소의 농도는 각각 22~79 mgP/1, 82~121 mgN/1의 범위를 보였으며 원수를 이용한 연속배양에서는 처리의 효과를 얻을 수 없었다. 돈사폐수의 인, 질소 제거율은 10배 희석한 배양수에서 가장 높게 나타나 각각 211 mgP/m$^2$/day, 2.3 gN/m$^2$/day의 처리효율을 보였다. 다음으로 5배, 20배, 2배의 순으로 희석한 배양조에서 제거율이 높았다.

Keywords

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