Modeling the Effect of Water, Excavation Sequence and Reinforcement on the Response of Tunnels

  • Published : 1999.06.01

Abstract

A powerful numerical method that can be used for modeling rock-structure interaction is the Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (D D A) method developed by Shi in 1988. In this method, rock masses are treated as systems of finite and deformable blocks. Large rock mass deformations and block movements are allowed. Although various extensions of the D D A method have been proposed in the literature, the method is not capable of modeling water-block interaction, sequential loading or unloading and rock reinforcement; three features that are needed when modeling surface or underground excavation in fractured rock. This paper presents three new extensions to the D D A method. The extensions consist of hydro-mechanical coupling between rock blocks and steady water flow in fractures, sequential loading or unloading, and rock reinforcement by rockbolts, shotcrete or concrete lining. Examples of application of the D D A method with the new extensions are presented. Simulations of the underground excavation of the \ulcornerUnju Tunnel\ulcorner in Korea were carried out to evaluate the influence of fracture flow, excavation sequence and reinforcement on the tunnel stability. The results of the present study indicate that fracture flow and improper selection of excavation sequence could have a destabilizing effect on the tunnel stability. On the other hand, reinforcement by rockbolts and shotcrete can stabilize the tunnel. It is found that, in general, the D D A program with the three new extensions can now be used as a practical tool in the design of underground structures. In particular, phases of construction (excavation, reinforcement) can now be simulated more realistically.

본 논문에서는 기존의 불연속 변형 해석(DDA) 방법에 대한 세가지 방향의 새로운 개선 방법들이 제시되었다. 이 개선 방법들은 암반 균열에서 암석 블록과 지하수 흐름의 수리-역학적 커플링, 연속적인 하중 재하 또는 제하, 그리고 록볼트, 숏크리트와 콘크리트 라이닝에 의한 보강으로 구성되었다. Shi (1988)와 Lin (1995)에 의한 기존 DDA 프로.그램은 이 방법들에 의하여 추가로 개선되었으며, 이 새로운 DDA프로그램에 대한 몇 가지 적용예들이 제시되었다. 또한, 경부고속철도 공사의 일부인 운주 터널의 지하굴착에 대한 시뮬레이션을 통하여 절리를 통한 지하수의 흐름, 굴착순서, 그리고 록볼트와 숏크리트에 의한 보강이 터널안정에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 그 결과 절리를 통한 지하수의 흐름과 부적절한 굴착순서는 터널의 안정성에 악영향을 미치나, 한편 록볼트와 숏크리트에 의한 보강은 터널을 안정화 시킨다는 사실을 밝혀냈었다. 그 결과 세가지 개선방법이 추가된 DDA프로그램은 지하구조물 설계에 있어서 유용한 해석방법으로 사용될 수 있다는 사실을 보여주었다.

Keywords

References

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