Effect of Surface Treatment on Hydrogen Production of Cadmium Sulfide Particulate Film Electrodes

수소제조용 CdS 입자막 전극의 표면처리 효과

  • Jang, Jum-Suk (Advanced Chemical Technology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Chang, Hye-Young (Advanced Chemical Technology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • So, Won-Wook (Advanced Chemical Technology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Rhee, Young-Woo (Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Moon, Sang-Jin (Advanced Chemical Technology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
  • 장점석 (한국화학연구소 화학기술연구부) ;
  • 장혜영 (한국화학연구소 화학기술연구부) ;
  • 소원욱 (한국화학연구소 화학기술연구부) ;
  • 이영우 (충남대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 문상진 (한국화학연구소 화학기술연구부)
  • Published : 2000.09.15

Abstract

To improve the photochemical energy conversion efficiency and the stability of CdS particulate film electrode which is used to produce hydrogen from the aqueous $H_2S$ solution photoelectrochemically, surface treatment of this film was carried out using $TiCl_4$ solution. CdS particles for preparation of the films were synthesized by precipitation reaction of $Cd({NO_3})_2{\cdot}9H_2O$ and $Na_2S{\cdot}4H_2O$. Then, the CdS sol was hydrothermally treated for 12hr in an autoclave with the variation of treatment temperature to control the crystalline phase of particles. CdS film electrode was thus prepared by annealing at $400^{\circ}C$ for 12hr of the wet-film cast at room temperature, and subsequently surface treated with $TiCl_4$ solution. The electrodes were characterized using XRD, SEM, and the photocurrent meter. The photocurrents of Cds film electrodes prepared with surface treatment were up to two times higher than the electrodes without surface treatment, indicating about $4.0mA/cm^2$. Hydrogen production rate in a continuous flow system using photoelectrochemical or photochemical cells prepared with surface treatment also increased in proportion to the increase of photocurrents.

가시광선을 이용하여 수용액 상태의 황화수소부터 수소를 제조하기 위해 사용되는 CdS 입자막전극의 광효율 개선과 광안정성 향상을 위해 막전극을 표면처리하였다. CdS 입자막 전극에 사용되는 CdS 입자는 $Cd{NO_3}{\cdot}9H_2O$$Na_2S{\cdot}4H_2O$의 혼합 침전법에 의해 제조하였다. 입자 결정상을 제어하기 위해 고압반응기에서 온도를 바꿔가며 12시간 동안 수열처리하였다. 이렇게 제조된 CdS 졸을 이용하여 캐스팅법으로 막전극을 제조하였으며, $TiCl_4$ 수용액을 사용하여 후처리 하였다. CdS 입자의 결정상은 XRD pattern으로 확인하였고, 평균 일차입자크기는 XRD pattern과 Scherrer 식에 의해 계산하였다. 입자 형상과 막 표면 형태는 SEM으로 관찰하였다. 수소 발생은 Xe램프가 장착된 연속흐름 광반응 장치를 이용하여 광전기화학적 방법과 광화학적 방법으로 각각 측정하였다. $TiCl_4$로 표면처리한 막전극의 광전류는 처리하지 않았을 때 보다 평균 2배가량 증가한 $4.0mA/cm^2$ 정도를 나타내었다. 수소발생량도 $2.4{\times}10^4mol/hr$ 정도로서 처리하지 않았을 때 보다 크게 증가하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 에너지관리공단