초록
1998년 7월부터 1999년 6월까지 전라북도 부안군 대항리 앞바다의 조간대에서 매월 채집한 눈알고둥, Lunella coronsta coreenisis의 생식소발달, 생식세포형 성, 생식주기, 생식소지수, 육중량비 및 군성숙도를 조직학적으로 조사하였다. 눈알고둥은 자웅이체였으며, 생식소는 패각 내의 후반 나선부에 위치하는 간장의 표면에 넓게 분포하였다. 난소와 정소는 각각 수많은 난자형성소엽과 정자형성소낭으로 구성되어 있었다. 생식소지수의 월별 변화는 수온이 상승하는 3월 ($23.86{\pm}3.73$)부터 서서히 증가하여 7월 ($49.76{\pm}6.47$)에 최고치를 나타낸 후, 9월($15.58{\pm}2.33$)에 급격하게 감소하였다. 육중량비의 월별 변화는 $25.2{\%}{\~}32.3{\%}$로, 생식소지수의 월별 변화와 유사한 양상을 나타내었다. 각고 $5.9 mm$ 이하의 개체군은 재생산에 전혀 참여하지 않았으며, $7.0{\~}7.9 mm$의 개체군은 암수 각각 $84.6{\%}$ 와 $91.7{\%}$가 재생산에 참여하였고, 8.0 mm 이상의 개체군은 $100{\%}$ 참여하였다. 생식소의 발달, 생식세포형성과정, 조직분화과정 및 세포학적 특성에 따라, 생식주기는 초기활성기 (12월${\~}$4월), 후기활성기 (1월${\~}$7월), 완숙기 (5월${\~}$8월), 산란기 (7월${\~}$9월) 및 회복기 (9월${\~}$3월)등의 연속적인 5단계로 구분되었다. 산란은 수온이 $24.8^{\circ}C$ 이상인 7월과 9월 사이에 일어나며, 주산란은 8월이었고 성숙란의 직경은 $150{\~}160 {\mu}m$이었다.
Gonadal development, gametogenesis, reproductive cycle, gonad index, flesh weight rate, and first sexual maturity of the turban shell, Lunella coronata coreensis were investigated by histological observation. The materials used were collected monthly from the rocky intertidal zone of Daehang-ri, Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do, on the west coast of Korea, from July 1998 to June 1999. Sex of L coronata coreensis was separate. The gonad was widely located in the spirals of the visceral mass buried in the digestive gland. The ovary and testis were composed of a number of oogenic follicles and speymatogenic follicles, respectively. Monthly variations in the gonad index increased from March ($23.86{\pm}3.73$) when the water temperature increased and reached the maximun in July ($49.76{\pm}6.47$). And then, the gonad index sharply decreased in September ($15.58{\pm}2.33$). The flesh weight rate ranged from $25.2{\%}$ to $32.3{\%}$, and its variation showed a similar pattern to the gonad index. Individuals $<5.9 mm$ in shell height could not take part in reproduction in both sexes. Percentages of first sexual maturity of female and male specimens ranging from $7.0{\~}7.9 mm$ in shell heights were $84.6{\%}\;and\;91.7{\%}$, respectively, and $100{\%}$ in those over 8.0 mm in shell height in both sexes took part in reproduction. By studying the monthly changes of the morphological features and sizes of germ cells during gametogenesis in the gonad, the reproductive cycle of this species could be devided into five successive stages: early active (December to April), late active (January to July), ripe (May to August), spawning (July to September), and recovery (September to March). The spawning period of this species was once a year between July and September, and the main spawning occurred in July when the seawater temperature reached above $24.8^{\circ}C$. The fully ripe eggs were $150{\~}160\;{\mu}m$ in diameter.
