Quality Changes during Storage of Kochujang Treated with Heat and High Hydrostatic Pressure

열과 초고압으로 처리한 고추장의 저장 중 품질 변화

  • 임상빈 (제주대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 김봉오 (제주대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 김수현 (제주대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 목철균 (경원대학교 식품생물공학과) ;
  • 박영서 (경원대학교 식품생물공학과)
  • Published : 2001.08.01

Abstract

Effects of high pressure and thermal pasteurization on the survival of microorganisms and quality changes of kochujang during 120 days of storage at 37$^{\circ}C$ were investigated. Viable cell counts were 1.43$\times$10$^{6}$ CFU/g in heat-treated, and 1.56$\times$10$^3$ CFU/g in pressure-treated, and decreased up to 3 log cycle, compared with 3.78$\times$10$^{6}$ CFU/g in the untreated kochujang. Viable cell counts decreased by the storage period at 37$^{\circ}C$. Viable cell counts decreased up to 2 log cycle from 3.78$\times$10$^{6}$ to 5.43$\times$10$^4$ CFU/g in the untreated kochujang, 4 log cycle from 1.43$\times$10$^{6}$ to 3.10$\times$10$^2$ CFU/g in heat-treated after 120 days of storage, while those in pressure-treated were not detected after 90 days from the initial stage of 1.56$\times$10$^3$ CFU/g. pH decreased significantly by the storage time. Titratable acidity increased significantly during storage, and pressure-treated kochujang showed lower values than heat-treated. Amino nitrogen content decreased significantly during storage, and pressure-treated kochujang showed higher values than heat-treated and lower values than the untreated. There were no significant changes in reducing sugar and ethanol content regardless of the treatment condition and the storage period. Hunter L, a and b values decreased significantly during storage. In the untreated kochujang, the changes in color accelerated compared with heat and pressure-treated.

고추장을 열(8$0^{\circ}C$/30분)과 초고압(73$^{\circ}C$/680 MPa/30분)으로 처리한 후 37$^{\circ}C$에서 120일간 저장하면서 생균수와 품질변화를 측정하였다. 처리 직후 생균수는 열처리군이 1.43$\times$$10^{6}$ CFU/g과 비교하여 볼 때 열처리에 의한 미생물 살균효과는 미약하였으나, 초고압 처리로 생균수를 약 3 log cycle 감소시킬 수 있었다. 고추장의 생균수는 저장기간에 따라 감소하였다. 무처리군은 저장 초기에 3.78$\times$$10^{6}$ CFU/g에서 저장 120일에는 5.43$\times$$10^4$ CFU/g으로 약 2 log cycle 감소하였고, 열처리군은 저장 초기에 1.43$\times$$10^{6}$ CFU/g에서 저장 120에는 3.10$\times$$10^2$ CFU/g으로 약 4 log cycle 감소한 반면, 초고압 처리군은 처리 직후 1.56$\times$$10^3$ CFU/g에서 저장 90일 후에는 검출되지 않았다. 고추장의 pH는 저장기간에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였다. 고추장의 적정산도는 저장기간에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 초고압 처리군은 무처리군보다는 낮은 값을, 열처리군보다는 높은 값을 유지하였다. 고추장의 아미노태질소 함량은 저장기간에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 초고압 처리군은 열처리군보다는 높은 값을, 무처리군보다는 낮은 값을 유지하였다. 고추장의 저장 중 환원당과 에탄올 함량은 처리방법에 관계없이 저장기간에 따라 유의적으로 차이가 없었다. 고추장의 Hunter L, a, b값은 저장기간에 다라 유의적으로 감소하여 흑변하는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 무처리 고추장은 열처리군과 초고압 처리군에 비하여 변색의 정도가 심하였으나, 초고압 처리군은 열처리군과 유사한 경향을 나타내었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kor. J. Food. Sci. Technol v.28 Studies on the physicochemical characteristice of traditional kochujang Shin. D.H;Kim. D.H;Choi. U;Lim. D.K;Lim. M.S
  2. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol v.30 Fermentation properties of irradiated kochujang Kim. M.S;Oh. J.A;Shin. D.H;Han. M.S
  3. Food. Sci. Biotechnol v.8 Effect of fermentation time on rheological properities of kochujang in steady and dynamic flow Yoo. B.S;Choi. W.S
  4. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol v.26 Distribution and physiological characteristics of yeast in traditional and commecial kochujang Jung. Y.C;Choi. W.J;Oh. N.S;Han. H.S
  5. Food. Technol v.46 Developments of nonthermal processes for food preservation Mertens. B;Knorr. D
  6. Food. Technol v.4 Effects of high-hydrostatic pressure processes on food safety and quality Knorr. D
  7. Food. Technol v.47 Food safety implications of high hydrostatic pressure as a food processing method Lechowich. R.V
  8. J. Food. Sci. supplement High pressure processing Farkas. D.F;Hoover. D.G
  9. Food. Technol v.47 Isostatic pressure equipment for food preservation Zimmerman. F;Bergman. C
  10. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol v.25 Changes in microflora and enzyme activities of traditional kochujang during fermentation Kim. Y.S;Kwon. D.J;Koo. M.S;Oh. H.I;Kang. T.S
  11. J. Kor. Soc. Food. Sci. Nutr v.26 Studies on the prediction of the shelf-life of kochujang through the physicochemical and sensory analyses during storage Lee. K.Y;Kim. H.S;Lee. H.G;Han.O;Chang. U.J
  12. J. Kor. Soc. Food. Sci. Nutr v.26 Effect of red pepper varieties on the physicochemical characteristics of traditional kochujang during fermentation Shin. D.H;Kim. D.H;Choi. U;Lim. M.S;An. E.Y
  13. Anal. Chem v.31 use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar Miller. G.L
  14. SAS User's Guide SAS Institute Inc
  15. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol v.25 Changes in microflora and enzyme activities of traditional kochujang during fermentation Kim. Y.S;Kwon. D.J;Koo. M.S;Oh. H.I;kang. T.S
  16. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi v.39 Application of hydrostatic pressure to yoghurt to prevent its after-acidification Tanaka. T;Hatanaka. K
  17. New Food Ind v.35 Application of hydrostatic pressure to salted vegitables Miyama. K;Watanabe. T;Yanakisawa. H
  18. J. Kor. Soc. Food. Sci. Nutr v.28 Quality changes of sterilized soybean paste during its storage Kim. J.S;Choi. S.H;Lee. S.D;Lee. G.H;Oh. M.J
  19. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol v.26 Effect of storage temparatures on the physicichemical characteristics in kochujang(red pepper soybean paste) Shin, D.B;Park. W.M;Yi. O.S;Koo. M.S
  20. Kor. J. Food. Sci. Technol v.32 Charsteristic changes of kochujang by heat treatment Kim. M.S;Ahn. E.Y;Ahn. E.S;Shin. D.H
  21. In Pressure processed food: Research and Development Effect of hydrostic pressure on hydrolysis reaction pf protein and saccharides Hayashi. K;Takahashi. S;Asano. H;Hayashi. R
  22. Kor. J. Food. Sci. Technol v.26 Changes in physicochemical properties of industry-type kochujang during storages Jung. S.W;Kim. Y.H;Koo. M.S;Shin. D.B;Chung. K.S;Kim. Y.S
  23. In High Pressure Food Science Bioscience and Chemistry Composition changes of strawberry puree during high pressure pasteurization Bruna, D;Istenesova. L;Voldrich. M;Cerovsky. M;Isaacs. N.S.(ed)
  24. J. Kor. Soc. Food. Sci. Nutr v.23 Effect of temperature on color and color preference of industry-produced kochujang during storage Kim. J.O;Lee.K.H