Treatment of High Organic Wastewater Using Ecological Water Treatment System

생태학적 수처리 시스템을 이용한 고농도 유기성 폐수처리

  • 조재훈 (조선대학교 환경공학부) ;
  • 김중곤 (조선대학교 생물신소재학과) ;
  • 김준휘 (조선대학교 생물신소재학과) ;
  • 윤성명 (조선대학교 생물신소재학과) ;
  • 이정섭 (조선대학교 생물과학부) ;
  • 김시욱 (조선대학교 환경공학부)
  • Published : 2001.12.01

Abstract

We have previously developed three stage methane fermentation system capable of digesting food wastes effectively and then releasing high organic wastewater as a final product. In this study, we tried to devise an ecological water treatment system, which can efficiently remove the nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the organic wastewater. The system was made of microbiological filters, algae, and waterfleas. Of two species of alga tested, Selenastrum capricornutum showed higher growth rate and more efficiently removed the nitrogen from the wastewater than by Chlorella sp. In addition, the highest growth rate and the nitrogen removal efficiency could be obtained when high concentrations of $Mg^{2+}\; and\; Ca^{2+}$ were added to the diluted wastewater and the molar ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was adjusted to 10 : 1. In this study the population relationship between alga and water flea was also examined in a test tube. The initial number of algal cells decreased as the waterflea population increased. However, the number of algal cells gradually increased again when waterflea population decreased partly due to the environmental resistance. From these results, it was believed that the ecological water treatment system could be used for removing the nitrogen and phosphorus from organic wastewater very effectively. Moreover, the waterflea cultured by this system as a final predator could be used as a good foodstuff for fishes.

본 연구실에서 개발한 3단계 메탄발효시스템을 이용하여 음식폐기물을 소화하고 배출되는 고농도 유기성 폐수를 미생물막 반응조와 조류, 물벼룩을 이용한 생택학적 수처리 시스템으로 처리하였다. 미생물막 반응조에서 유출되는 폐수에 두 종의 조류를 처리하였을 때 Chlorella sp. 보다 Selenastrum capricornutum이 더 잘 성장하였고, 질소제거 효과도 높았다. 고농도의 $Mg^{2+}$$Ca^{2+}$을 주입하고 유출수의 질소와 인 농도 비율을 10 : 1이 되도록 인위적으로 인농도를 조절하였을 때에는 더욱 높은 질소 제거와 조류 성장을 나타내었다. 시험관에서 조류와 물벼룩 두 종의 개체 수 변화를 관찰했을 때, 초기 조류 개체수는 물벼룩 개체수의 증가에 따라 감소하다가 물벼룩의 개체수가 최대치에 이른 후 환경저항에 의해 감소하기 시작하는 시점부터 점차적으로 증가하는 양상을 나타냈다. 본 연구에서 제시하는 생태학적 수처리 시스템은 유기성 폐수내 질소 및 인 처리에 매우 효율적이며, 시스템내의 최종 섭식자인 물벼룩을 대량 사육함으로써 이를 어류의 사료로 쓸수 있는 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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