DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Wind loads on industrial solar panel arrays and supporting roof structure

  • Wood, Graeme S. (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Sydney) ;
  • Denoon, Roy O. (Ove Arup and Partners, Level 5 Festival Walk) ;
  • Kwok, Kenny C.S. (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Sydney)
  • Published : 2001.12.25

Abstract

Wind tunnel pressure tests were conducted on a 1:100 scale model of a large industrial building with solar panels mounted parallel to the flat roof. The model form was chosen to have the same aspect ratio as the Texas Tech University test building. Pressures were simultaneously measured on the roof, and on the topside and underside of the solar panel, the latter two combining to produce a nett panel pressure. For the configurations tested, varying both the lateral spacing between the panels and the height of the panels above the roof surface had little influence on the measured pressures, except at the leading edge. The orientation of the panels with respect to the wind flow and the proximity of the panels to the leading edge had a greater effect on the measured pressure distributions. The pressure coefficients are compared against the results for the roof with no panels attached. The model results with no panels attached agreed well with full-scale results from the Texas Tech test building.

Keywords

References

  1. Chevalien, L. and Norton, J. (1979), "Wind loads on solar collector panels and support structure", Aerospace Engineering Department, Texas A&M University.
  2. Holmes, J.D. and Lewis, R.E. (1987), "Optimisation of dynamic pressure measuring system", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 25(3), 249-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(87)90021-3
  3. Lee, B., (1982), "A review of data on wind loads on solar collectors", Department of Building Science, University of Sheffield, BS 70.
  4. Radu, A., Axinte, E. and Theohari, C. (1986), "Steady wind pressures on solar collectors on flat-roofed buildings", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 23, 249-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(86)90046-2
  5. Radu, A. and Axinte, E. (1989), "Wind forces on structures supporting solar collectors", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 32, 93-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(89)90020-2
  6. Rofail, A.W. and Kwok, K.C.S. (1992), "A reliability study of wind tunnel results for cladding pressure", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 41-44, 2413-2424.
  7. Standards Australia (1989), Australian Standard, SAA Loading Code, Part 2: Wind Loads, AS1170.2-1989, Standards Australia.
  8. Tieleman, H.W., Akins, E. and Sparks, R. (1980), "An investigation of wind loads on solar collectors", Virginia State University, VPI-E-80-1, Blacksburg, VA.
  9. Von Karman, T. (1948), "Progress in the statistical theory of turbulence", Proc. Nat. Academy of Sciences, 34, 530-539. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.34.11.530

Cited by

  1. Wind loads on photovoltaic arrays mounted parallel to sloped roofs on low-rise buildings vol.139, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.01.007
  2. Wind loads on solar panels mounted parallel to pitched roofs, and acting on the underlying roof vol.22, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2016.22.3.307
  3. Local and overall wind pressure and force coefficients for solar panels vol.125, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2013.12.007
  4. Experimental investigation of wind effects on a standalone photovoltaic (PV) module vol.78, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.01.037
  5. Numerical simulation of wind effects on a stand-alone ground mounted photovoltaic (PV) system vol.134, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2014.08.008
  6. Wind Loads of Solar Water Heaters: Wind Incidence Effect vol.2014, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/835091
  7. Wind Load Reduction in Hollow Panel Arrayed Set vol.2016, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1034539
  8. Effect of a vertical guide plate on the wind loading of an inclined flat plate vol.17, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2013.17.5.537
  9. Characteristics of Wind Pressure Distributions Acting on Solar Collector Plate vol.13, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.9712/KASS.2013.13.2.067
  10. Wind loads on residential scale rooftop photovoltaic panels vol.168, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2017.06.006
  11. Outlook for solar water heaters in Taiwan vol.36, pp.1, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.07.030
  12. Influence of spacing parameters on the wind loading of solar array vol.48, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2014.03.005
  13. A numerical approach to the investigation of wind loading on an array of ground mounted solar photovoltaic (PV) panels vol.153, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2016.03.009
  14. Aerodynamic mechanisms for wind loads on tilted, roof-mounted, solar arrays vol.111, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.08.004
  15. Wind-Induced Pressures on Solar Panels Mounted on Residential Homes vol.20, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000132
  16. Computational evaluation of wind loads on sun-tracking ground-mounted photovoltaic panel arrays vol.170, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2017.09.002
  17. Blockage effects on surface pressures: the case of an inclined flat plate with and without a guide plate vol.37, pp.7, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2014.888810
  18. On the evaluation of wind loads on solar panels: The scale issue vol.135, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2016.06.018
  19. Velocity measurements around low-profile, tilted, solar arrays mounted on large flat-roofs, for wall normal wind directions vol.123, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2013.09.001
  20. Wind loads on residential and large-scale solar collector models vol.99, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2010.10.008
  21. Wind loading characteristics of solar arrays mounted on flat roofs vol.123, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2013.08.014
  22. Reduction of wind uplift of a solar collector model vol.96, pp.8-9, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2008.01.012
  23. CFD Simulation of Turbulent Wind Effect on an Array of Ground-Mounted Solar PV Panels vol.99, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-018-0283-x
  24. Wind loads on a residential solar water heater vol.36, pp.7, 2001, https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2012.747062
  25. Guide plates on wind uplift of a solar collector model vol.16, pp.2, 2001, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2013.16.2.213
  26. Numerical investigation of wind influences on photovoltaic arrays mounted on roof vol.13, pp.1, 2001, https://doi.org/10.1080/19942060.2019.1653375
  27. Numerical Investigation of Wind Pressure Coefficients for Photovoltaic Arrays Mounted on Building Roofs vol.23, pp.8, 2001, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-2320-3
  28. Experimental study of aerodynamic loads on ground-mounted solar panel arrays: The panel spacing and inclination angle effect vol.234, pp.17, 2001, https://doi.org/10.1177/0954406220916499
  29. A new experimental-numerical approach to estimate peak wind loads on roof-mounted photovoltaic systems by incorporating inflow turbulence and dynamic effects vol.252, pp.None, 2001, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113739