Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Optimization for the Lactic Acid Fermentation of Mixed Fruit and Vegetable Juices

젖산발효에 의한 혼합과채음료 제조의 최적화

  • Kim, Su-Yeun (Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University) ;
  • Choi, Eon-Ho (Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University)
  • 김수연 (서울여자대학교 식품과학부) ;
  • 최언호 (서울여자대학교 식품과학부)
  • Published : 2002.04.01
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Abstract

An optimization for fermentation processes to make lactic acid juice with extracts from apples, carrots, celery, watercress, jujube and lycii (3 : 3 : 1 : 1/2 : 1 : 1/2) using co-cultures of Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus cellobiosus isolated from Dongchimi had been investigated on the emphasis of composition of sugars and sodium chloride at various temperatures. The concentration of sugars less than 25% and salt less than 0.8% did not affect remarkably the cell growth of lactic acid bacteria and acid formation during fermentation. The fermenting juice showed increases in the population of lactic acid bacteria and acidity, and decreases in population of coliform bacteria and sugar concentration with high cultural temperature. At $25^{\circ}C$ viscous substance was not formed as it had at $15^{\circ}C$. The optimum composition, based on the sensory evaluation, was determined to be oligosaccharide and 0.2% for sodium chloride. It took 3 days to produce the most preferable juice of pH 3.62 at $25^{\circ}C$. At the optimal state the fermented juice showed viable cell counts (cfu/mL) of exponential numbers 8 for lactic acid bacteria and 4 for yeast. Coliform bacteria which had been $5.6{\times}10^2\;cfu/mL$ at the beginning of fermentation were not detected.

당근, 사과, 샐러리, 돌미나리, 대추, 구기자의 착즙액을 3 : 3 : 1 : 1/2 : 1 : 1/2의 비율로 혼합한 혼합과채즙에 동치미로부터 분리한 Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis. Lactobacillus cellobiosus을 접종하고 당과 식염의 첨가와 배양온도의 최적조건을 발효 및 관능특성에 중점을 두고 조사하였다. 올리고당을 포함한 당은 25% 이하에서, 식염은 0.8% 이하에서 젖산균의 성장률이나 산 생선능에 크게 영향을 미치지 않았다. 배양온도가 높을수록 젖산균수와 산도가 증가하고 대장균수와 당도가 빠르게 감소하였다. $15^{\circ}C$에서는 발효가 진행됨에 따라 점질물이 형성되어 발효쥬스의 선호도가 저하되었다. 따라서 혼합과채즙의 젖산발효는 관능특성면에서 fructooligosaccharide 15%, 식염 0.2%, 배양온도 $25^{\circ}C$가 최적이었고 최적 발효종점은 3일로서 이때의 pH는 3.62였다. 최적상태에서 발효쥬스는 1 mL당 젖산균수 8, 효모수 4의 지수를 보였으며 발효초기에 $5.6{\times}10^2\;cfu/mL$이던 대장균은 검출되지 않았다.

Keywords

References

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