우리나라 당류의 중금속 함량 및 안정성 평가

Trace Metal Contents in Sugar Products and Their Safety Evaluations

  • 정소영 (식품의약품안전청 식품평가부) ;
  • 김미혜 (식품의약품안전청 식품평가부) ;
  • 김정수 (식품의약품안전청 식품평가부) ;
  • 홍무기 (식품의약품안전청 식품평가부) ;
  • 이종옥 (식품의약품안전청 식품평가부) ;
  • 김창민 (식품의약품안전청 식품평가부)
  • Chung, So-Young (Department of Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Kim, Mee-Hye (Department of Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Soo (Department of Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Hong, Moo-Ki (Department of Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Ok (Department of Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Kim, Chang-Min (Department of Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
  • 발행 : 2002.12.01

초록

본 연구는 우리나라 식품공전의 당류 중 중금속 함유량을 파악하여 식품공전 제 개정시 과학적 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행하였다. 1999년에 총 285건의 당류에 대하여 ICP, AAS 및 Mercury analyzer 등을 이용하여 납 등 중금속함량을 측정하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. [최소${\sim}$최대(평균), mg/kg]; Hg: 불검출${\sim}0.006(0.001)$, Pb: 불검출${\sim}0.47(0.03)$, Cd: 불검출${\sim}0.06(0.005)$, As: 불검출${\sim}0.10(0.004)$, Cu: 불검출${\sim}1.89(0.15)$. 본 조사결과는 외국의 모니터링 결과와 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 당류를 통한 우리나라 국민의 납, 카드뮴, 수은의 섭취량은 FAO/WHO에서 중금속 안전성 평가를 위해 정한 PTWI의 $0.004{\sim}0.1%$로 안전한 수준이었다.

Contents of heavy metals in sugar products were estimated to provide a scientific basis for standardization of Korea Food Code of heavy metals. The contents of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and copper (Cu) were determined in 285 sugar product samples using a mercury analyzer, atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and inductively coupled plasma spectrometer. The values of heavy metals in sugar products $[minimum{\sim}maximum\;(mean),\;mg/kg]$ were as follows: $Hg,\;N.D.{\sim}0.006 (0.001);$ $Pb,\;N.D.{\sim}0.47 (0.03);$ $Cd,\;N.D.{\sim}0.06(0.005);\;As,\;N.D.{\sim}0.10(0.004);\;Cu,\;N.D.{\sim}1.89(0.15)$. These results show that metal contents of domestic sugar products are similar to those reported in other countries. Weekly average intakes of lead, cadmium, and mercury from sugar products were $0.004{\sim}0.1%$ of Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake set by FAO/WHO Joint Food Additives and Contaminants Committee to evaluate the safeties of sugar products.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. UNEP/FAO/WHO. The Contamination of Food. UNEP, Nairobi, Kenya(1992)
  2. Baik, D.W., Kwon, W.C., Shin, K.H., Kim, J.H., Kim, O.H., Sho, Y.S., Park, K.S. and Ahn, J.S. Study on the trace element contents of fish in Korean coastal waters. The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 22: 471-494 (1985)
  3. Baik, D.W., Kwon, W.C., Won, K.P., Kim, J.H., Kim, O.H., Sho, Y.S., Kim, Y.J., Park, K.S., Seong, D.H., Seo, S.C. and Lee, K.J. Study on the contents of trace elements in foods (On the trace element contents of shellfish in Korean coastal waters). The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 23: 589-610 (1986)
  4. Kwon, W.C., Won, K.P., Kim, J.W., Kim, O.H., Sho, Y.S., Kim, Y.J., Park, K.S., Sung, D.H., Lee, K.J. and Baik, D.W. Study on the contents of trace elements in foods (On the trace element contents of fish in Korean coastal waters). The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 24: 733-746 (1987)
  5. Baik, D.W.. Kwon, W.C., Won, K.P., Kim, J.W., Sho, Y.S., Lee, H.D., Park, K.S., Seong, D.W., Lee, M.S. and Lee, K.J. Study on the contents of trace elements in foods (On the trace element contents of shellfish in Korean coastal waters). The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 25: 551-564 (1988)
  6. Kwon, W.C., Won, K.P., Kim, J.W., Sho, Y.S., Lee, H.D., Park, K.S., Lee, J.O., Seong, D.W., Seo, J.S., Kim, M.H., Lee, K.J. and Baik, D.W. Study on the contents of trace elements in food (On the trace element contents of fish in Korean coastal waters). The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 26: 447-460 (1989)
  7. Kim, K.S., Lee, J.O., Sho, Y.S., Seo, S.C., Kang, H.K., Seo, J.S., Kim, M.H., Kwon, Y.B. and Baik, D.W. Study on the trace element contents in food (On the trace element contents of shellfish in Korean coastal waters). The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 27: 388-397 (1990)
  8. Kim, K.S., Lee, J.O., Sho, Y.S., Seo, S.C., Kang, H.K., Yoo, S.Y., Choi, B.H., Kwon, Y.B. and Baik, D.W. Study on the trace element contents in food (On the trace element contents of fish and shellfish in Korean coastal waters). The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 28: 354-365 (1991)
  9. Kim, K.S., Lee, J.O., Sho, Y.S., Seo, S.C., Chung, S.Y., Yoo, S.Y., Song, K.H., Son, Y.W., Lee, H.B. and Kwon, W.C. Study on the trace metal contents in food (Trace metal contents of cereals, Pulses and potatoes produced in Korea). The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 29: 365-377 (1992)
  10. Kim, K.S., Lee, J.O., Sho, Y.S., Seo, S.C., Chung, S.Y., You, S.Y., Song, K.H., Son, Y.W., Lee, H.B. and Kwon, W.C. Study on the trace metal contents in food (On the trace metals contents of vegetables and fruits produced in Korea). The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 30: 366-377 (1993)
  11. Kim, K.S., Kim, C.M., Sho, Y.S., Seo, S.C., Chung, S.Y., Yoo, S.Y., Song, K.H., Kim, J.S. and Lee, H.B. Study on the trace metal contents in food (On the trace metal contents of cereals, pulses and potatoes in Korea). The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 31: 437-449 (1994)
  12. Won, K.P., Kim, C.M., Sho, Y.S., Seo, S.C., Chung, S.Y., Yoo, S.Y, Song, K.H., Kim, J.S. Kim, H.D. and Kim, K.S. The study on the trace metal contents in food (On the trace metals contents of cereals, Pulses, Potatoes, vegetables and fruits in Korea). The Report of National Institute of Health, Korea 32: 456-469 (1995)
  13. Won, K.P., Kim, N.K., Sho, Y.S., Chung, S.Y., Yun, H.K., Kim, H.D. and Chang, M.I. A monitoring study on the trace metal contents in foods (The trace metal contents of agricultural products (cereals, legumes, root crops, vegetables and fruits) grown in Korea). The Annual Report of Korea Food and Drug Administration 1:58-70 (1996)
  14. MAFF. Survey of Lead and Cadmium in Foods. Food surveillance paper No. 113, pp. 1-6. HMSO, London, UK (1997)
  15. U.S. Food and Dmg Administration. Market Baskets 91(3)-97(1), Total Diet Study (1997)
  16. Dabeka, R.W., McKenzie, A.D., Lacroix, G.M.A., Cleroux, C., Bowe, S., Graham, R.A. and Conacher, H.B.S. Survey of arsenic in total diet food composites and estimation of the dietary intake of arsenic by Canadian adults and children. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. Int. 76: 14-25 (1993)
  17. Leblebici, J. and Volkan, M. Sample preparation for arsenic, copper, iron and lead determination in sugar. J. Agric. Food Chem. 46: 173-177 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf970616g
  18. Allen, L.B., Siitonen, P.H. and Harold, C., Thompson, Jr. Methods for the determination of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead and tin in sucrose, corn symp and high-fructose corn syrups by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometry. J. Aghic. Food Chem. 45: 162-165 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960376p
  19. Sang, S.L., Cheng, W.C., Shiue, H.I. and Cheng, H.T. Direct determination of trace metals in cane juice, sugar and molasses by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Int. Sugar J. 77: 71-75 (1975)
  20. Huijbregts, A.W.M., Hibbert, D., Phillipson, R.T., Schiweck, H. and Steinle, G. Collaborative study on the determination of trace elements in dried sugar beet pulp and molasses. Part IV. Arsenic. Int. sugar J. 87: 163-167 (1985)
  21. Morris, N.M., Clarke, M.A., Tripp, V.W. and Carpenter, F.G. Determination of lead, cadmium and zinc in sugar. J. Agric. Food Chem. 24: 45-47 (1976) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60203a002
  22. Miller-Ihli, N.J. Graphite furnace atomic absorption method for the determination of lead in sugars and syrups. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 77: 1288-1292 (1994)
  23. Korea Food and Drug Administration. 1999 Food Code. Munyoungsa, Seoul(1999)
  24. FAPAS. Trace elements Series VII (23). Report to participants in food analysis performance assessment scheme, Oct. (1999)
  25. Korea Food and Drug Administration. 2002 Food Code. Munyoungsa, Seoul(2002)
  26. Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea. '98 National Nutdtion Survey Report. Seoul (1999)
  27. FAO. Summary of Evaluations Performed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). ILSI, Geneva (1994)