Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Study of the Diet Style and Relationships among Vitamin and Nutrient Supplement Intakes, Serum Lipid Levels, Blood Sugar and Blood Pressure of Adult Female

채식 성인여성의 식사형태 및 비타민, 영양제 복용과 혈중 지질, 혈당, 혈압과의 관련성에 관한 비교연구

  • 차복경 (한서대학교 자연요양복지학과) ;
  • 최원경 (김천대학 식품영양과)
  • Published : 2002.04.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between vegetarian diet and the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. The subjects of the study were 127 Buddhist nuns (age: 23 ~79 yr) for vegetarians and 235 healthy female adults (age: 23 ~79 yr) for non-vegetarians. This study covers food consumption survey, anthropometric measurement, amount of energy expenditure, physical activity and clinical examination. Average body mass index (BMI) of vegetarians and non-vegetarians were 22.47 and 21.08, waist/hip ratio (WHR) was 0.85 and 0.84, percentage of body fat (%BF) was 28.79 and 26.55, respectively. Average duration of vegetarian diet of the vegetarians was 13.16 years. The triglyceride levee of the vegetarians was significantly lower for those who take nutrient tablet compared to those who either take vitamins or who do not take any nutrient supplement. Taking vitamins or nutrient tablet did not give any significant difference in total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol for vegetarians, while significantly high triglyceride was observed for the non-vegetarians taking nutrient tablet than the ether non-vegetarians. Taking vitamins or nutrient tablet did not affect the lever of HDL-cholesterol for either vegetarians or non-vegetarians. Athrogenic index (AI) was lower for the vegetarian group tailing nutrient tablet and for the non-vegetarian group not taking vitamins and nutrient tablet, than the other respective groups. Blood sugar of the vegetarians who take nutrient tablet was significantly lower than those tailing vitamins, while blood sugar of the non-vegetarians not taking any nutrient supplement was significantly lower than those taking nutrient tablet.

조사대상자의 평균나이는 채식인 44.2세, 비채식인 40.5세, BMI는 각각 22.4, 21.0이었고, WHR은 0.8, 0.8였고, %BF는 28.7, 26.5였으며, 채식인의 평균채식기간은 13.1년이었다. 조사대상자중 비만인 사람의 식사 형태는 채식인은 볼륨형(58.8 %), 미식가형(20.6%), 다이어트형(8.8%), 패스트푸드형 (5.9%), 밸런스형(5.9%)의 순이었고 비채식인은 미식가형(33.3%), 볼륨형 (27.8%), 다이어트형 (16.7%), 패스트푸드형 (11.1%), 밸런스형(11.1%)의 순이었다. 채식인은 식사의 양이 많은 사람에게서 비채식인은 미식가형에서 비만이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 정상체중인 사람의 식사형태는 책식인은 볼륨형(45.1 %), 미식가형 (32.4%), 밸런스형 (16.2%), 다이어트형 (4.2%), 패스트푸드형 (2.1%)의 순으로 볼륨형과 미식가형이 약 78% 정도를 차지하였다. 비채식인은 볼률형(34.2%), 미식가형(26.1 %), 패스트푸드형 (22.6%), 밸런스형 (10.6%), 다이어트형 (6.5 %)의 순으로 의외로 볼륨형이 가장 많았다. 조사대상자의 평균 중성지방은 채식인 136.7 mg/dL, 비채식인 130.5 mg/dL 였고, total-cholesterol은 채식인 161.4 mg/dL, 비채식인 189.6 mg/dL, HDL-cholesterol은 채식인 48.2 mg/dL, 비채식인 50.8 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol은 채식인 86.6 mg/dL, 비채식인 111.1 mg/dL, AI는 채식인 2.4, 비채식인 2.9, 혈당은 채식인 90.8 mg/dL, 비채식인 103.6 mg/dL, 수축기 혈압은 채식인 107.5 mmHg, 비채식인 119.3 mmHg, 이완기혈압은 채식인 72.4 mmHg, 비채식인 73.6 mmHg이었다. 조사대상자의 total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, AI, 수축기혈압 및 혈당은 비채식인이 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높았으며, 심혈관질환 예견지수인 HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol 비는 채식인이 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높았다. 조사 대상자의 비타민 및 영양제 복용실태는 비타민을 복용한다고 한 사람은 채식인 53명(22.6%), 비채식인 71명 (29.0%), 영양제를 복용한다고 한 사람은 채식인 24명(10.2%), 비채식인 15명 (11.0%), 비타민이나 영양제를 먹지 않는다고 한 사람은 채식인 158명(67.2%), 비채식인 147명(60.0%)으로 두 군이 비슷한 비율이었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Choe KW. 1988. Changing patterns of disease in Korea. Korean J Nutr 21: 139-145.
  2. 보건복지부. 1995. 국민영양조사 보고서.
  3. Huh KB. 1990. The present status of nutrition-related disease and it's countermeasures. Korean J Nutr 23: 197-207.
  4. West RO, Hayes, OB. 1968. Diet and serum cholesterol levels: a comparison between vegetarians and non-vegetarians in a Seventh Day Adventist group. Am J Clin Nutr 21: 853-862. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/21.8.853
  5. Burr ML, Bates AM, Fehily AS. 1981. Plasma cholesterol and blood pressure in vegitarians. J Human Nutr 35: 437-441.
  6. Fajammal P, Devadas V. 1980. Amuradha and sheela ramachandran, dietary pattern and serum cholesterol levels of selected Tamilion and Gujarathi women. The Ind J Nurt Diet 17: 159-164.
  7. Chung HH, Park SH, Shin DS. 1987. Dietary habits and serum lipid composition in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Korean J Nutr 20: 422-431.
  8. Keys A, Taylor HL, Blacburn H. 1963. Coronary heart disease among Minnesota business and professional men followed 15 years. Circulation 28: 381. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.28.3.381
  9. Albrink MJ. 1978. Dietary fiber, plasma insulin, and obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 31: 277-279. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/31.10.S277
  10. Keys A, Taylor HL, Blacburn H. 1963. Coronary heart disease among Minnesota business and professional men followed 15 years. Circulation 28: 381. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.28.3.381
  11. Cooper R, Allen A, Goldberg R, Trevisan M, Van Horn L, Liu K, Steinhaur M, Rubenstein A, Stamler J. 1984. Seventh-Day Abventist adolescents-lifestyle patterns and cardiovascular disease risk factors. West J Med 140: 471-477.
  12. Abdulla MD, Ingrid A, Nils-Georg Asp MD, Knud Berthlsen MD, Dowen Birkhed DDS, Ingrid D. 1981. Nutrient intake and health status of vegans. Am J Clin Nutr 34: 2464-2477. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/34.11.2464
  13. Sacks FM, Castelli WP, Donner A, Kass EH. 1975. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins in vegetarians and controls. Engl J Med 292: 1148-1151. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197505292922203
  14. Burton GW. 1989. Antioxidant action of carotenoids. J Nutr 119: 109-111. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/119.1.109
  15. Wahlqvist ML, Morris MJ, Littlejohn GO, Bond A, Jackson RV. 1979. The effects of dietary fibre on glucose tolerance in healthy mailes. Aust N Z J Med 9: 154-158. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.1979.tb04320.x
  16. Lawrence JB. 1994. Vegetarian and other complex diets, fats, fiber, and hypertension. AM J Clin Nutr 59 (Suppl): 1130-11355. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/59.5.1130S
  17. Doba T, Burton G, Ingold KU. 1985. Antioxidant and co-an tioxidant activity of vitamin C, vitamin E or water-soluble vitamin E analogue upon the peroxidation of aqueous multill amella phospholipid liposomes. Biochem Biophys Acta 835: 298-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(85)90285-1
  18. Yatassery GT, Smith WE, Quach HT. 1985. Ascorbic acid glutathione and synthetic antioxidants prevents the oxidation of vitamin E in platelets. Lipids, 24: 1043-1047. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02544077
  19. Kwon CS, Han EH, Yoon SH, Jang HS. 1999. The relationship between the life style and status of serum lipids and antioxidant vitamins in university students. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 28: 257-264.
  20. 모수미. 1987. 식이요법. 교문사, 서울. p 248.
  21. Hall TR, Young TB. 1989. A validation study of body fat distribution as determined by self-measurement of waist and hip circumference. Int J Obes 13: 801-807.
  22. Yun JS, Kim SY, Cha BK. 1992. Relationship among body fat distribution, adiposity, fasting serum insulin and lipids in adult female. Korean J Nutr 25: 221-233.
  23. Kkitzsch SG, McNamara JR. 1990. Triglyceride measurements, a review of methods and interferences. Clin Chem 36: 1605-1613.
  24. Friedwald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. 1972. Lipid. Clin Chem 18: 499-502.
  25. 足立己行. 1994. 中高年 男性の 食への 態度と 行動. 日本女子營養大學校 出版部, 東京. p 7.
  26. Van GL, Vansant G, Van Campenhout G, Lepoutre, De Leeuw I. 1989. Apolipoprotein concentrations in obese subjects with upper and lower body fat mass distribution. Int J Obes 13: 255-263
  27. Yoon JS, Lee WJ. 1981. A nutritional servey of buddhist nuns. Korean J Nutr 15: 268-276.
  28. Kim SY. 1991. Relationships among body fat distribution, fasting serum insulin, eating behaviour, and energy intake in adult female. PhD Dissertation. Keimyung University. p 37-38.
  29. Sacks FM, Marais GE, Handysides G. 1984. Lack of on effect of dietary saturated fat and cholesterol on blood pressure in normotensives. Hypertension 6: 193-198.
  30. Shin YG, Bae SG. 1994. The levels of serum lipid in healthy Korean adults. Korean J Int Med 47: 587-599.
  31. Kim JS. 1995 : A comparative study on CHD risk factors among vegetarians and non-vegetarians. PhD Dissertation. Sookmyung Women's University.
  32. Frank M, Sacks FM. 1975. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins vegetarians and controls. England J Medicine 292: 1148-1151. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197505292922203
  33. Yoon OH. 1991. Approach to nutritional status for uncooked food vegetarian, vegetarian, non-vegetarian and evaluation of uncooked powered foods. PhD Dissertation. King Sejong University.
  34. Pacy PJ, Dodson PM. 1984. Comparison of the hypotensive and metabolic effects of bendrofluazide therapy and a high fibre, low fat, low sodium diet in diabetic subjects with mild hypertension. Diabetes 1: 201-214.
  35. Fehily AM, Milbank JE. 1982. Dietary determinants of lipoproteins, total cholesterol viscosity, fibrinogen and blood pressure. Am J Clin Nutr 6: 890-896.
  36. Cho SH, Lee OJ, Park EH. 1997. A study on serum lipid and vitamin E status and life style factors in Korean men living in Daegu. Hyosung J Applied Science 5: 181-190.

Cited by

  1. 사찰음식 섭취와 건강에 관한 연구 vol.24, pp.6, 2002, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2014.12.24.6.691