Korean Journal of Poultry Science (한국가금학회지)

The Korean Society of Poultry Science (한국가금학회)
권호 표지

Influence of Dietary Supplemental Betaine on Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens during the Heat Stress

고온 스트레스기에 비태인의 사료첨가가 산란계의 생산성 및 계란의 품질에 미치는 영향

  • 류경선 (전북대학교 바이오식품 소재 개발 및 산업화 연구센터) ;
  • 류명선 (전북대학교 동물자원과학과) ;
  • 신원집 (전북대학교 동물자원과학과) ;
  • 조기행
  • Published : 2002.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Betaine functions as an osmoregulators in the cells and its inclusion in diet can spare the choline and carcass fat reduction in chicken. Thus, two hundred eighty eight laying hens were fed with 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000 ppm of betaine from seventy eight to eighty six weeks of age during the environmentally high temperature stress. Com and soybean basal diets contained 2,800 kcal/kg ME and 16% CP. Egg production, feed intake, and feed conversion were examined for eight weeks. Egg quality characters, serum cholesterol, liver betaine, and lower ileal osmolality were measured at the end of experiment. Egg Production rates of hens fed with 500 or 2,000 ppm of betaine were 75.06 and 75.02%, respectively and tended to increase compared to the control. The feed conversion(FCR) of these treatments was significantly(P<0.05) improved compared to that of control although it did not significantly differ in the e99 Production rates between 500 and 2,000 ppm of betain groups. Eggshell breaking strength of hens fed betaine was significantly(P<0.05) higher than those of control. However, betaine supplements did not influence to improving the albumen height and Haugh unit. Liver betaine in hens fed with betaine was linearly increased unto 2,000 ppm. The birds fed with 2,000 ppm betaine showed significantly(P<0.05) higher in the liver betaine than the control birds. Total cholesterol and triglyceride tended to be increased by dietary betaine supplement. The lower ileal osmolality in betaine supplement group tended to be slightly decreased. As a result, dietary betaine supplement tended to improve the egg Production and eggshell Quality in laying hens during heat stress.

비태인은 세포에서 삼투압 조절인자로 작용하며 콜린 대체와 체지방 감소 효과를 가진다. 따라서 고온 스트레스 기간에 비태인의 수준별 급여가 산란계의 생산성 및 관련되는 생리적인 인자에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 8주간 사양실험을 시행하였다. 사료는 조단백질 16.00%, 대사에너지 2,800 kcal/kg수준으로 급여하였다. 사료에 비태인의 급여수준은 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000pprn으로 하였으며, 처리구당 반복은 4반복, 반복당 수수는 18수씩 배치하였다. 산란율, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율은 4주 단위로 측정하였으며, 계란의 품질과 간의 비태인 함량, 혈중 콜레스테롤, 회장 내용물의 삼투압은 실험 종료시에 측정하였다. 산란율은 처리구간에 일관성이 없었지만 비태인 500과 2,000ppm처리구에서 75.06과 75.02%로서 대조구의 72.62%보다 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 사료요구율은 각각 2.203, 2.125 로서 대조구의 2.374보다 현저하게 개선되었다(P<0.05). 난각강도는 비태인 처리구에서 대조구보다 현저하게 높거나 (P<0.05) 개선되는 경향을 보였지만, 난백고와 호유닛은 대조구와 동일한 경향을 나타냈다. 간에서 비태인 함량은 사료내 비태인의 수준에 비례하여 선형적으로 증가하였으며, 비태인 2,000ppm 처리구는 대조구보다 현저하게 높았다 (P<0.05). 혈중 콜레스테롤과 triacylgycerol는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 비태인 처리구에서 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 회장 내용물의 삼투압은 비태인 급여 구에서 감소되는 경향을 나타냈다. 본 연구의 결과 고온 스트레스기에 비태인의 첨가.급여는 산란계의 생산능력을 개선하는 경향을 보였으며, 난각의 품질을 개선하는 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Clinic Chemistry v.20 Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol Allain,C.C.;Poon,L.S.;Chan,C.S.G.;Richmond,W.;Fu,P.C.
  2. Br Poult Sci v.27 Body temperature and plasma arginine vasotocin in fowls adapted to high-and low-NaCl diets Arad,Z.;Skadhauge,E. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668608416862
  3. J Biological Chemistry v.261 Predominant osmotically active organic solutes in rat and rabbit renal medullas Bagnasco,S.;Balaban,R.;Fales,H.M.;Yang,Y.;Burg,M.
  4. Pflugers Arch v.402 Stimulation of tubular reabsorption of magnesium and calcium by antidiuretic hormone in conscious rats. Study in Brattleboro rats with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus Bouby,N.;Trinh-Trang-Tan,N.M.;Bankir,L. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00583948
  5. J Experimental Zoology v.268 Molecular basis for osmoregulation of organic osmolytes in renal medullary cells Burg,M.B. https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402680216
  6. Am J Clin Nutr v.34 Effects of osmolality of liquid nutrient diets on meal passage and nutrient absorption in Yucatan miniature swine Case,G.L.;Lewis,L.D.;Phillips,R.W.;Cleek,J.L. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/34.9.1868
  7. Peptides v.18 no.9 Arginine vasotocin gene expression in hypothalamic neurons in up-regulated in chickens drinking hypertonic saline: An in situ hybridization study Chaturvedi,C.M.;Cornett,L.E.;Koike,T.I. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-9781(97)00190-3
  8. Proceedings, Smithkline Beecham Pacesetter Conference, National Turkey Federation Annual Meeting Flushing syndrome in commercial turkeys during the growout stage Ferket,P.R.
  9. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication v.108 Regulation of hepatic betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase by dietary methionine Finkelstein,J.D.;Martin,J.J.;Harris,B.J.;Kyle,W.E. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(82)91872-1
  10. Biochem J v.313 The role of cellular hydration in the regulation of cell function Haussinger,D. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3130697
  11. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A v.129 Betaine aids in the osmoregulation of duodenal epithelium of broiler chicks, and affects the movement of water across the small intestinal epithelium in vitro Kettunen,H.;Peuranen,S.;Tiihonen,K. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1095-6433(01)00298-7
  12. World Poult Sci v.53 Nutritional and Osmoregulatory functions of betaine Kidd,M.T.;Ferket,P.R.;Garlich,J.D. https://doi.org/10.1079/WPS19970013
  13. Poult Sci v.80 no.9 The efficacy of vitamin E(DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate) supplementation in hen diets to alleviate egg quality deterioration associated with high temperature exposure Kirunda,D.F.;Scheideler,S.E.;McKee,S.R. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/80.9.1378
  14. Advances in comparative and environmental physiology v.9 The role of organic osmolytes in the regulation of mammalian cell volume Law,R.O.;Burg,M.B. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76226-0_7
  15. J Anim Sci v.79 Effects of betaine on growth, carcass characteristics, pork quality, and plasma metabolites of finishing pigs Matthews,J.O.;Southern,L.L.;Higbie,A.D.;Persica,M.A.;Bidner,T.D. https://doi.org/10.2527/2001.793722x
  16. Br Poult Sci v.17 A comparison of the osmotic pressures along the digestive tract of the domestic fowl and the rabbit Mongin,P.;Larbier,M.;Carbo Baptista N.;Licois,D.;Coudert,P. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071667608416291
  17. Poult Sci v.59 Choline/methionine nutrition of starting broiler chicks. Three models for estimating the choline requirement with economic considerations Pesti,G.M.;Harper,A.E.;Sunde,M.L. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0591073
  18. Poult Sci v.60 Factors influencting the assessment of the availability of choline in feedsuffs Pesti,G.M.;Benevenga,N.J.;Harper,A.E.;Sunde,M.L. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0600188
  19. Biochem J v.15 Modulation by betaine of cellular responses to osmotic stress Petronini,P.G.;De Angelis E.M.;Borghetti,P.;Borghetti,A.F.;Wheeler,K.P.
  20. Poult Sci v.75 no.SUP.1 Use of liquid betaine in low-methionine diets for broilers Remus,J.;Virtanen,E.
  21. J Agric Food Chem v.49 no.2 A novel method to analyze betaine in chicken liver: effect of dietary betaine and choline supplementation on the hepatic betain concentration in broiler chicks Saarinen,M.T.;Kettunen,H.;Pulliainen,K.;Peurancen,S.;Tiihonen,K.;Remus,J. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf000675l
  22. Comparative Biochemistry Physiology Part A v.121 Effect of short-term dehydration on plasma osmolality, levels of arginine vasotocin and its hypothalamic gene expression in the laying hen Saito,N.;Grossmann,R.
  23. SAS/STAT？ Guide(Version 6.12 ) SAS Instutute
  24. Br J Nutr v.63 no.2 Changes in body-weight, composition and hepatic enzyme activities in response to dietary methionine, betaine and choline levels in growing chicks Saunderson,C.L.;MacKinlay,J. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19900120
  25. Am J Physio;Real Fluid Electrolyte Physiol v.267;36 Induction of gene expression by heat shock versus osmotic stress Sheikh-Hamad,D.;Garcia-Perez,A.;Ferraris,J.D.;Peters,E.M.;Burg,M.B.
  26. Principles and procedure of statistics Steel,R.G.D.;Torrie,J.H.
  27. J Biol Chem v.203 Labile methyl group and its synthesis de novo in relation to growth in chicks Stekol,J.A.;Hsu,P.T.;Weiss,S.;Smith,P.
  28. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol v.32 Effects of methionine and related compounds on plasma cholesterol level in rats fed a high cholesterol diet Sugiyama,K.;Akai,H.;Muramatsu,K. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.32.537
  29. Bri Poult Sci v.34 Effect of a soluble polysaccharde(carboxy methyl cellulose) on the physico-chemical conditions in the gastrointestinal tract of broilers Van der Klis,J.D.;van Voorst,A.;van Cruyningen,C. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669308417657
  30. Proc Aust Poult Sci Symp v.7 Effect of betaine on methionine requirement of broilers under various enviornmental conditions Virtanen,E.I.;Rosi,L.
  31. Science v.217 Living with water stress: evolution of osmolyte systems Yancey,P.H.;Clark,M.E.;Hand,S.C.;Bowlus,R.D.;Somero,G.N. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7112124
  32. Poult Sci v.77 Effects of glucose in drinking water on the changes in whole blood viscosity and plasma osmolality of broiler chickens during high temperatue exposure Zhou,W.T.;Fujita,M.;Yamamoto,S.;Iwasaki,K.;Ikawa,R.;Oyama,H.; Horikawa,H. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/77.5.644