DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Quality Characteristics of Kimchi as Affected by the Addition of Xanthan Gum

증점안정제로 사용한 Xanthan Gum첨가가 김치의 품질에 미치는 영향

  • 박우포 (마산대학 식품과학계열)
  • Published : 2002.06.01

Abstract

Xanthan gum (XG) was investigated for use as a thickening and stabilizing agent in kimchi during fermentation at 10$\^{C}$. The mixing ratios of XG to salted Chinese cabbage were 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%. Quality characteristics of kimchi such as pH, titratable acidity, reducing sugar content and microbial loads were measured. pH and reducing sugar content showed abrupt decreases after 5 day lag time until 20 days, while titratable acidity steadily increased during fermentation. The addition with 0.5% XG retarded the change rates of pH and titratable acidity showing the slowest change. Kimchi samples added with 0.1% and 0.3% XG maintained a higher reducing sugar content during the whole fermentation period of 30 days. Microbial loads showed an abrupt increase from 5 to 10 days, and maintained a nearly same load thereafter. Kimchi sample added with 0.3% XG showed better scores in color, aroma and taste.

배추김치를 만들 때 일반적으로 사용하는 찹쌀풀이나 밀가루풀이 아닌 xanthan gum을 증점안정제로 첨가하여 숙성중 품질 특성을 측정한 결과 xanthan gum을 첨가한 시험구는 김치 담금 직후 및 숙성 중에 대조구보다 다소 높은 pH를 나타내었다. 숙성 15일까지는 xanthan gum을 0.3% 첨가한 시 험구의 pH가 가장 높았으며, 그 이후에는 0.5% 첨가구가 가장 높았다. 적정산도는 xanthan gum을 첨가한 시험구가 대조구보다 대체적으로 적정산도가 낮았다 Xanthan gum 첨가구 중에서는 숙성 20일 경에 0.5% 첨가구가 다른 처리구보다 낮은 적정산도를 나타내었다. 김 치가 숙성됨에 따라 환원당의 함량도 감소하였으며, xanthan gum을 첨가한 시험구는 대조구보다 높은 환원당 함량을 나타내었다. 숙성 10일가지는 총균수가 급격하게 증가하였으며, 그 이후에는 대체적으로감소하였으며, 10일 숙성된 김치 여과액의 점도는 xanthan gum을 0.5% 첨가한 시험구가 대조구보다 8배 이상 높은 값을 나타내었다. 관능검사시 김치의 색갈 및 냄새는 xanthan gum을 첨가한 시험구가 대조구보다 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 맛은 대조구, xanthan gum 0.1%, 0.3% 첨가구가 같은 점수를 얻었으며, 0.5% 첨가구는 가장 낮은 점수를 보였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Cho JS, Hwang SY. 1988. Standardization of kimchi and related products (2). Korean J Dietary Culture 3: 301-307
  2. No HK, Lee SH, Kim SD. 1995. Effects of ingredients on fermentation of Chinese cabbage kimchi. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 24: 642-650
  3. Cheigh HS, Park KY. 1994. Biochemical, microbiological, and nutritional aspects of kimchi (Korean fermented vegetable products). Criv Rev Food Sci Nutr 34: 175-203 https://doi.org/10.1080/10408399409527656
  4. Park KY. 1995. The nutritional evaluation, and antimutagenic and anticancer effects of kimchi. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 24: 169-182
  5. Kim SH. 1991. Comutagenic and antimutagenic effects of kimchi components. PhD Dissertation. Pusan National University, Pusan
  6. Ha JO. 1997 Studies on the developments of functional and low sodium kimchi and physiological activity of salts. PhD Dissertation. Pusan National University, Pusan
  7. Jang MS, Park MO. 1998. Effect of glutinous rice paste on the fermentation of puchu kimchi. Korean J Soc Food Sci 14: 421-429
  8. Lee GC, Han JA. 1998. Changes in physical and microbial properties of starchy pastes added kimchi during fermentation. Korean J Soc Food Sci 14: 195-200
  9. Lee GC, Han JA. 1998. Changes in contents of total vitamin C and reducing sugars of starchy pastes added kimchi during fermentation. Korean J Soc Food Sci 14: 201-206
  10. Kim HY, Kim BC, Kim MR. 2001. Physicochemical and sensory properties of kakdugi added with various thickening agents during fermentation. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 30: 1060-1067
  11. Lee IS, Park WS, Koo YJ, Kang KH. 1994. Changes in some characteristics of brined Chinese cabbage of fall cultivars during storage. Korean J Food Sci Technol 26: 239-245
  12. Kim MK, Kim SY, Woo CJ, Kim SD. 1994. Effect of air controlled fermentation on kimchi quality. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 23: 268-273
  13. Miller GL. 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal Chem 31: 426-428 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60147a030
  14. Park WP, Lee SC, Bae SM, Kim JH, Lee MJ. 2001. Effect of enoki mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) addition on the quality of kimchi fermentation. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 30: 210-214
  15. Lee MJ, Kim HS, Lee SC, Park WP. 2000. Effects of sepiae os addition on the quality of kimchi during fermentation. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 29: 592-596
  16. Hong WS, Yoon S. 1989. The effects of low temperature heating and mustard oil on the kimchi fermentation. Korean J Food Sci Technol 21: 331-337