An Evaluation of In-situ the Pullout Resistance of Chain Reinforcement

체인 보강재의 현장 인발저항력 평가

  • 김상수 (충북대학교 대학원) ;
  • 유찬 (경상대학교 농공학과) ;
  • 이봉직 (충주대학교 건설도시공학과) ;
  • 신방웅 (충북대학교 토목공학과)
  • Published : 2002.08.01

Abstract

An in-situ experiment was performed to evaluate the pullout resistance capacity of chains which is used as a reinforcement of reinforced earth wall. It was also considered that chain was combined with a bar or L-type steel angle by the transverse reinforcement member in the experiment. About 80 pullout tests were peformed with varying the lengths of chain(2.0m, 2.5m, and 3.0m), the combination of each transverse members(chain only, chain+bar, or chain+angle), and the vertical placement of reinforcements. In the case that uses a chain only and a chain combined with bar, the maximum displacement was about 150mm and load continuously increased to the ultimate tensile strength of chain, and then tension failure of chains occurred. But in the case of a chain combined with angle, the displacement decreased to about 100mm and so it was expected that this combination can constrain the displacement of chain. On the other hand, comparing the yielding pullout load measured in the field to that calculated by theoretical equation, it is shown that measured values are 1.2~3.0 times greater than those of calculated values according to the length of chain, normal vertical stress, and the combination of chain with transverse members. However, the difference in the increment of yielding pullout load between bar and angle is not clear but it appears almost the same increment. It is expected that chain can be safely used as reinforcements of reinforced earth wall, although a theoretical estimation of the pullout resistance capability of chain is too conservative.

보강토 옹벽에 체인을 보강재로 사용한 경우의 인발저항력 평가를 위한 현장실험을 실시하였다. 실험에서는 횡방향 부재로 강봉이나 L-형 강재앵글을 고려하였으며, 체인의 길이(20m, 2.5m 그리고 3.0m), 보강재의 조합(체인단독, 체인+강봉 그리고 체인+앵글) 그리고 설치위치 등을 다르게 하여 총 80개소에 대해서 인발실험을 실시하였다. 체인 또는 체인+강봉의 경우, 최대 변위는 평균 150mm였으며, 인발하중은 지속적으로 증가하다가 체인의 극한강도에 도달하면 파단(인장파괴)되는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 체인에 L-형 앵글을 조합한 경우에는 최대변위가 평균 100mm정도로서 변위 억제에 큰 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 현장에서 측정된 항복 인발하중값을 이론값과 비교했을 때는 보강 방법 또는 연직응력에 따라서 현장 측정값이 이론값 보다 약 1.2~3배정도 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 체인의 길이, 연직하중의 크기, 횡방향 부재의 조합에 따라서 항복 인발하중의 크기는 변화하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 강봉과 L-형 앵글사이에 차이는 현저하지 않았다. 체인을 보강재로 사용하는 경우 기존의 이론식을 적용한 설계나 시공은 안전측으로 나타났으나, 체인의 인발 저항력이 너무 과소 평가되어 있다고 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. 한국지반환경공학회, 학술세미나 논문집 Slit 보강토 옹벽의 인발특성에 관한 연구 신방웅(외 3인)
  2. Ground Engng. v.11 no.6 Alternation of soil behaviour by the inclusion of materials with different properties Andrawes, K. Z.;McGown, A.;Al-Hasani, M. M.
  3. Geotechnical testing Journal v.15 no.2 Effect of Reinforcement Layout on Soil Strength Arenicz, R.M. https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ10237J
  4. Geotechnical testing Journal v.15 no.1 Pullout Resistance of steel Geogrids with Weathered Clay as Backfill Material Bergado, D. T.;Hardiyatimo, H.C.;Cisneros, C. B.;Chun, C. J.;Alfaro, M. C.;Balasubramaniam, A. S.;Anderson, L. R. https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ10222J
  5. J. of Geotechnical Engr v.11 no.9 Lateral Force-Displacement Response of Buried Pipe Charles, H. T.;O'Rourke, T. D.
  6. Journal of Geotechnical & Geo-environmental Engr. v.127 no.3 Passive Earth Pressures: Theories and Tests Duncan, J. M.;Robert, L. M.
  7. Reinforced Earth Ingold, T. S.
  8. Earth Reinforcement & Soil Structures Jones, C.-J.F.P.
  9. Workshop on Applied Ground Improvement Techniques in Geotechnical Engineering Soil Reinforcement-Concepts and Issues Hausmann, M.R.
  10. Proc. of the 8th European Conference on Soil mechanics and Foundation Engr. v.1 Friction between sand and metal Koivumaki, O.
  11. Workshop on Applied Ground Improvement Techniques in Geotechnical Engineering Soil Reinforcement with Geosynthetics Lawson, C. R.
  12. Geotechnique v.28 no.3 Effect of Inclusion Properties on the Behaviour of Sand McGown, A.;Andrawes, K. Z.;Al-Hasani, M. M. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1978.28.3.327
  13. Geotechnique v.39 no.3 Scale and other Factors Affecting the Results of Pull-out Tests of Grids Buried in Sand Palmeira E. M.;Milligan, G. W. E. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1989.39.3.511
  14. Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice(3rd Edition) Terzaghi, K.;Peck, R.B.;Mesri, G.
  15. Recommendations CLOUTERRE 1991 French National Research Project Clouterre
  16. 土質基礎工學ライプラリ v.29 補强土工法 日本土質工學會
  17. 土木學會 第51回年次學術講演會 慨要集 v.3 no.B 補强土工のチェ一ソ筋の引拔き抵抗につぃて 井上 治;小南幸二
  18. 平成9年 關西支部 年次 學術講演會 講演槪要(第Ⅲ分野) 補强土工における砂質土のチェ一ソの引拔き抵抗につぃて 井上 治;小南幸二;福井 崇
  19. ジオテキスタイルを用ぃた補强土の設計·施工マ二ュアル 土木硏究セソタ