Analysis of Food Components of Korean Deer Antler Parts

국내산 녹용의 부위별 식품학적 성분 분석

  • Published : 2003.02.01

Abstract

Physicochemical properties of freeze-dried upper and middle parts of Korean raw anther were investigated and analyzed. Moisture contents of upper part and middles part were 51.7 and 63.6%, respectively. Contents of crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, and carbohydrates of upper part of antler were 66.91, 3.52, 22.70, and 6.87%, respectively. Whereas those of middle part were 52.64, 2.50, 34.54, and 6.07, respectively. Phosphorous content was the highest in both upper (2562.0 mg%) and middle (2536.0 mg%) parts. Glycine (7597.9 mg%) and glutamic acid (5769.4 mg%) were major amino acids in upper part, glycine (9612.0 mg%) and proline (5906.3 mg%) in middle part were the major amino acids. Free sugars including fructose, glucose, sucrose, and maltose were not detected. Palmitic acid (upper part 30.83%, middle part 32.23%) was the major fatty acid in crude fat of both upper and middle parts. Vitamin A (retinol) contents of upper and middle parts were 16.40 and 12.32 IU/100 g, respectively. Vitamin C was not detected. Upper part of antler showed the highest redness (8.18), whereas middle part showed the highest lightness (71.72) and yellowness (8.13). The color difference $({\Delta}E\;27.11)$ between upper part and middle part was distinguished remarkably.

본 연구는 녹용 상대와 중대 부위의 식품학적 성분들을 분석하고, 비교하여 식품가공시 활용될 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 생녹용의 상대와 중대의 수분함량은 각각 51.7%, 63.6%이었다. 동결건조한 녹용 상대의 조단백질 66.91%, 조지방 3.52%, 조회분 22.70%, 탄수화물 6.87%이었다. 또한 중대의 조단백질 52.64%, 조지방 2.50%, 조회분 34.54%, 탄수화물 6.07%이었다. 상대에서 가장 많은 무기질은 P(2562.0 mg%)이었고, glycine(7597.9 mg%)과 glutamic acid(5769.4 mg%)가 가장 많이 함유된 아미노산이었다. 중대의 가장 많은 무기질은 P(2536.0 mg%)이었고, glycine(9612.0 mg%)과 proline(5906.3 mg%)이 가장 많이 함유된 아미노산이었다. 상대와 중대 모두에서 fructose, sucrose, glucose, maltose는 검출되지 않았다. 조지방중의 지방산조성은 상대와 중대 모두에서 palmitic acid가 30.83%, 32.23%로 가장 많이 함유되어 있었다. 비타민 A는 상대가 16.40 IU/100 g. 중대가 12.32 IU/100 g로 났지만 비타민 C는 모두에서 검출되지 않았다. 상대와 중대 동결건조 분말의 적색도는 상대가 높았으며 명도와 황색도는 중대가 높았다.

Keywords

References

  1. Hong, N.D., Won, D.H., Kim, N.J., Chang, S.Y., Youn, W.G. and Kim, H.S. Studies on the analysis of constituents of deer horn (I). Korean J. Pharmacogn. 22: 171-182 (1991)
  2. Shin, K.H., Lim, S.S., Chung, H.S. and Baek, I.B. Analysis of the composition of biochemical components in unossified antlers. Korean J. Pharmacogn. 30: 314-319 (1999)
  3. Bae, D.S. Study on the effects of velvet on growth of animals. Korean J. Anim. Sci. 17: 571-576 (1975)
  4. Bae, D.S. Study on the effects of velvet on growth of animals. Korean J. Anim. Sci. 18: 342-348 (1976).
  5. Kim, Y.E., Lee, S.K., Yoon, U.C. and Kim, J.S. Biochemical studies on antler (I). Korean Biochem. J. 8: 89-107 (1975)
  6. Kim, Y.E., Lee, S.K. and Yoo, H.J. Biochemical studies on antler (II). Korean Biochem. J. 9: 153-164 (1976)
  7. Kim, Y.E., Lee, S.K., Lee, M.H. and Shin, S.U. Biochemical studies on antler (III). Korean Biochem. J. 9: 215-236 (1976)
  8. Kim, Y.E., Lee, S.K. and Lee, M.H. Biochemical studies on antler (IV). Korean Biochem. J. 10: 1-12 (1977)
  9. Kim, Y.E., Lim, D.K and Shin, S.U. Biochemical studies on antler (V). Korean Biochem. J. 9: 215-236 (1976)
  10. Han, N.Y. and Jhon, G.J. Purification and analysis carbohydratecontaining component from Korea antler. Korean Biochem. J. 25: 444-451 (1992)
  11. Han, N.Y. and Jhon, G.J. Purification and analysis gangliosides from deer antler. Korean Biochem. J. 27: 459-465 (1994)
  12. Hong, N.D., Won, D,H., Kim, N.J., Chang, S.Y., Youn, W.G. and Kim, H.S. Studies on the analysis of constituents of deer horn (I). Korean J. Pharmacogn. 24: 38-46 (1993)
  13. Ahn, B.H. Study on the nutritive value of velvet antler by major production districts. Korean J. Anim. Nutr. Feed 18: 173-178 (1994)
  14. Kim, D.H., Han, S.B., Park, J.S. and Han, M.J. Fermentation of antler and its biological activity. Korean J. Pharmacogn. 25: 233-237 (1994)
  15. Suttie, J.M., Gluckman, P.D., Butler, J.H., Fennessy, P.F., Corson, I.D. and Lass, F.J. Insulin-like growth factor l(IGF-1) antler-stimulating hormone? Endocrinology 116: 846-848 (1985) https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-116-2-846
  16. Suttie, J.M., Corson, I.D., Gluckman, P.D. and Fennessy, P.F. Insulin-like growth factor 1, growth and body composition in red deer stags. Anim. Prod. 563: 237-242 (1991)
  17. Sunwoo, H.H., Nakano, T., Hudson, R.J. and Sim, J.S. Chemical composition of antler from wapiti (Cervus elaphus). J. Agric Food Chem. 43: 2846-2849 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00059a014
  18. Sunwoo, H.H., Nakano, T., Hudson, R.J. and Sim, J.S. Isolation, characterization and localization of glycosarninoglycans in growing antlers of wapiti (Cervus elaphus). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 120: 273-283 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-0491(98)10017-2
  19. Li, C. and Suttie, J.M. Light microscopic studies of pedicle and early first antler development in red deer (Cervus elaphus). The Anatomical Record 239: 198-215 (1994) https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092390211
  20. Szuwart, T., Gath, U., Althoff, J. and Hohling, H.J. Biochemical and histological study of the ossification in the early developing pedicle of the fallow deer (Dama dama). Cell Tissue Res. 277: 123-129 (1994) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00303088
  21. Li, C. and Suttie, J.M. Histological studies of pedicle skin formation and its transformation to antler velvet in red deer (Cervus elaphus). The Anatomical Record 260: 62-71 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0185(20000901)260:1<62::AID-AR70>3.0.CO;2-4
  22. AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, USA (1990)
  23. Waters AccQ-Tag Amino acid Analysis System. Operator's Manual. Milford, USA (1993)
  24. AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, USA (1995)