한국식품과학회지 (Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology)

한국식품과학회 (Korean Society of Food Science and Technology)
권호 표지

감마선과 methyl bromide 처리가 사과의 검역해충 및 물리적 품질에 미치는 영향

Effects of Gamma Irradiation and Methyl Bromide Fumigation on Quarantine Pest and Physical Quality of Apples

  • 강호진 (경북대학교 식품공학과 및 식품생물산업연구소) ;
  • 권용정 (경북대학교 농생물학과) ;
  • 변명우 (한국원자력연구소) ;
  • 김현구 (한국식품개발연구원) ;
  • 정헌식 (경북대학교 식품공학과 및 식품생물산업연구소) ;
  • 최종욱 (경북대학교 식품공학과 및 식품생물산업연구소) ;
  • 권중호 (경북대학교 식품공학과 및 식품생물산업연구소)
  • Kang, Ho-Jin (Department of Food Science and Technology and Food & Bio-industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kwon, Yong-Jung (Department of Agricultural Biology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Byun, Myung-Woo (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Ku (Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Chung, Hun-Sik (Department of Food Science and Technology and Food & Bio-industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Choi, Jong-Uook (Department of Food Science and Technology and Food & Bio-industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kwon, Joong-Ho (Department of Food Science and Technology and Food & Bio-industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University)
  • 발행 : 2003.10.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

사과의 검역해충과 품질에 대한 감마선 조사와 methyl bromide(MeBr) 훈증 처리의 효과를 비교하기 위하여, 후지품종을 대상으로 검역대상 해충을 동정하고, 수확직후의 시료(1차 시료)와 수확 추 40일간 저온(0{\pm}1^{\circ}C,\;85{\pm}2%\;RH)$에서 저장된 시료(2차 시료)로 구분하여 감마선 조사(0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 kGy)와 MeBr 훈증 처리를 행한 다음 $0^{\circ}C$에서 저장하면서 해충의 방제효과와 사과의 물리적 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 본 사과 시료에서는 검역대상 해충인 점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae Koch)와 사과응애(Panonychus ulmi Koch)가 동정되었다. 이상의 해충에 대하여 감마선 조사는 선량에 비례하여 지효성의 살충효과를 보였으나 비교적 높은 선량이 요구되었으며, MeBr 훈증은 처리 직후부터 완전방제효과를 나타내었다. 살충처리 사과의 물리적 품질인자로서 부패, 위축, 중량, 경도 및 색도 변화는 2 kGy 이상의 감마선 조사구와 훈증 처리구에서 유의적으로 나타났다. 검역처리 시기는 수확 직후(1차 시료)보다는 저온 저장 후(2차 시료) 처리하는 것이 품질유지에 효과적이었다. 훈증처리에 비해 1 kGy 이하의 저선량의 감마선 조사는 사과의 물리적 품질에 미치는 영향이 미약하여 검역처리 방안으로써 이용가능성이 확인되었다.

Tetranychus urticae Koch and Panonychus ulmi Koch were identified as quarantine pests in apple samples and were controlled soon after the commercial treatment of methyl bromide (MeBr) and with irradiation doses $(0.5{\sim}3kGy)$ after irradiation. The physical qualities of apples, such as rotting, withering, weight changes, hardness, and color, were apparently affected by MeBr. Furthermore, more than 2 kGy irradiation resulted from the lapse of storage time. Associated with the physical qualities of stored apples, irradiation and fumigation for quarantine purposes were more adequate after 40 days of storage at $0{\pm}1^{\circ}C\;(85{\pm}2%\;RH)$ immediately following harvest, rather than soon after harvest. Less than 1 kGy irradiation, based on its accumulated control effect on pests, can potentially be applied as a quarantine procedure without causing significant changes in the physical qualities of fresh apples, in contrast to MeBr.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Kwon, J.H., Chung, H.W. and Kwon, Y.J. Infrastructure of quarantine procedures for promoting the trade of irradiated foods. pp.209-254. Paper presented at Symposium of The Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products on Irradiation Technology for the Safety of Food and Public Health Industries and Quality Assurance, Daejon, Korea (2000)
  2. Drake, S.R., Moffitt, H.R. and Mattheis, J.P. Methyl bromide, time and temperature of exposure on apple quality. J. Food Proc. Preserv. 14: 85-92 (1989) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.1990.tb00830.x
  3. UNEP. Montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer. Report of the methyl bromide technical options committee. p. 294 (1995)
  4. Gould, W.P. and Sharp, J.L. Cold-storage quarantine treatment for carambolas infested with the caribbean fruit fly(Dipera: Tephritidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 83: 458-460 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/83.2.458
  5. Seo, S.T., Akamine, E.K., Goo, T.T.S., Harris, E.J. and Lee, C.Y.L. Oriental and mediterranean fruit flies: fumigation of papaya, avocado, tomato, bell pepper, eggplant, and banana with phosphine. J. Econ. Entomol. 72: 354-359 (1979) https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/72.3.354
  6. Hatton, T.T., Cubbedge, R.H., Windeguth, D.L. and Spalding, D.H. Phosphine as a fumigant for grapefruit infested by caribbean fruit fly larvae. Proc. Fla. State Hortic. Soc. 95: 221-224 (1982)
  7. Couey, M. Heat treatment for control of postharvest diseases and insect pests of fruits. HortScience 24: 198-202 (1989)
  8. Smith, K.J. and Lay-Yee, M. Response of 'Royal Gala' apples to hot water treatment for insect control. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 19: 111-122 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(00)00088-0
  9. Benshoter, C.A. Effects of modified atmospheres and refrigeration temperatures on survival of eggs and larvae of the Caribbean fruit fly (Dipera: Tephritidae) in laboratory diet. J. Econ. Entomol. 80: 1223-1225 (2000)
  10. Delate, K.M., Brecht, J.K. and Coffelt, J.A. Controlled atmosphere treatment for control of sweet potato weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in stored tropical sweet potatoes. J. Econ, Entomol. 83: 461-465 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/83.2.461
  11. Sommer, N.F. and Mitchell, F.G. Gamma irradiation-a quarantine treatment for fresh fruits and vegetables. HortScience 21: 356-360 (1986)
  12. Ignatowicz, S. and Brzostek, G. Use of irradiation as a quarantine treatment for agricultural products infested by mites and insects. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 35: 263-267 (1990)
  13. Kwon, J.H., Kim, S.J., Chung, H.W., Kwon, Y.J. and Byun, M.W. Comparative effects of gamma irradiation and methyl bromide fumigation on disinfestation and physiochemical quality of acorn. Korean J. Postharvest Sci. Technol. 5: 199-206 (1998)
  14. IAEA. Roles of irradiation as a phytochemistry (quarantine) treatment of fresh fruits and vegetable. FAO/IAEA/WHO International Conference on Ensuring Safety and Quality of Food through Radiation Processing, Antalya, Turkey, 19-22 October 1999, Food and Environmental Protection Newsletter. 2: 10-16 (1999)
  15. Park, N.P., Choi, E.H., Lee, O.H. and Kim, Y.M. Studies on the storage of apples. I. Effects of single or combined treatments of gamma radiation and polyethylene film packing. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 2: 81-87 (1970)
  16. Kader, A.A. Potential applications of ionizing radiation in postharvest handling of fresh fruits and vegetables. Food Technol. 40: 117-121 (1986)
  17. ESKKSAE. Check List of Insects from Korea, p. 744. The Entomological Society of Korea and Korean Society of Applied Entomology, Kon-Kuk Univ.Press, Seoul, Korea (1994)
  18. NPQS. Summary of Plant Quarantine Systems in Different Countries. p. 157. National Plant Quarantine Service Report 92-2-41, Anyang, Korea (1992)
  19. Kwon, J.H., Kang, H.J., Jo, D.J., Chung, H.S., Kwon, Y.J., Byun, M.W., Choi, S.J. and Choi, J.U. Effects of gamma radiation and methyl bromide fumigation on quarantine pest and quality of asian pears. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 31: 57-63 (2002) https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.1.057
  20. Kwon, J.H., Kim, S.J., Chung, H.W., Kwon, Y.J. and Byun, M.W. Comparative effect of gamma irradiation and methyl bromide fumigation on disinfestation and physicochemical quality of acorn. Korean J. Postharvest Sci. Technol. 5: 199-206 (1998)
  21. Cho, H.O., Byun, M.W., Kwon, J.H. and Lee, J.W. Preservation of washed fresh ginsengs by gamma irradiation. J. Korean Agric. Chem. Soc. 29: 288-193 (1986)
  22. Josephson, E.S. and Peterson, M.S. Preservation of Food by Ionizing Radiation, Vol.-III, CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL, USA (1983)
  23. Kwon, J.H., Byun, M.W. and Cho, H.O. Browning and color characteristics in mushrooms as influenced by ionizing energy. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 22: 509-513 (1990)
  24. Vajdi, M. and Pereira, R.R. Comparative effects of ethylene oxide, $\gamma$-irradiation and microwave treatments on selected spices. J. Food Sci. 38: 893-897 (1973) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1973.tb02102.x