Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Performance of Crossbred Gilts Fed on Diets with Higher Levels of Fat and Fibre through Addition of Rice Bran

  • Soren, N.M. (Centre of Advanced Studies in Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute) ;
  • Bhar, R. (Centre of Advanced Studies in Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute) ;
  • Chhabra, A.K. (Swine Production Farm, LPM Section, Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar) ;
  • Mandal, A.B. (Avian Nutrition and F.T. Division, Central Avian Research Institute)
  • Received : 2002.12.17
  • Accepted : 2003.06.30
  • Published : 2003.11.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Crossbred gilts (n=54) of about $26.38{\pm}0.85kg$ body weight and 25 weeks of age were randomly divided into 18 groups of 3 animals each. Three dietary treatments viz., $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$ were formulated. The treatment $T_1$ containing maize grain (35%) and wheat bran (47%) along with soybean meal and fish meals served as control diet. Rice bran (RB) was selected as a single source of fat (13.02%) and fibre (17.12%), which was gradually increased in diets $T_2$ (41%) and $T_3$ (82%) replacing maize grain and wheat bran of $T_1$ at 50% and 100% in the diets $T_2$ and $T_3$, respectively. The fat and fibre levels of the diets were thus 3.46 and 5.24, 9.31and 9.69 and 11.61and 13.26% in $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$, respectively. All the diets, however, contained almost similar concentration of CP (18.35${\pm}0.29%$). Each dietary treatment was offered to six replicated groups of 3 piglets in following completely randomized design and feeding was continued for 112 days during the growing phase. Growth, feed utilization, reproductive performance, nutrient utilization and different blood biochemical parameters were studied. Growth rate, feed intake and feed conversion were lower (p<0.01) in $T_3$ in comparison to $T_1$ or $T_2$. Digestibility of all the nutrients except EE was reduced significantly (p<0.01) in $T_3$. Serum glucose level decreased (p<0.01), whereas the urea and cholesterol concentration in the blood increased (p<0.01) in $T_3$. The duration of estrus of pigs fed diet containing 82% RB ($T_3$) was highly variable within the group, but all the groups showed statistically similar duration of estrous. Feed cost per unit gain was found to be comparable between control ($T_1$) and $T_2$ group. The results indicated that RB can be included up to 41% in swine diets replacing 50% of maize and wheat bran. Higher concentrations of ether extract and fibre beyond 9.31 and 9.69% in diet had detrimental effect on growth, nutrient utilization and reproductive performance.

Keywords

References

  1. Aherne, F. X. and R. N. Kirkwood. 1985. Nutrition and sow prolificacy. J. Reprod. Fert. 33:169-183.
  2. AOAC. 1995. Official methods of analysis (16th edn. Vol. 1) Association of official analytical chemists. Washington, DC.
  3. Bauza, R., N. Barlocco and D. Cozzolino. 1990. Use of rice bran in diets for fattening pigs. I. Effect of different levels of inclusion and zinc supplementation. Bloetin de Investigaeion Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de la Republica 25. p. 290.
  4. Bureau of Indian Standards. 1987. Specification for pig feeds. First revision. Bureau of Indian Standards. New Delhi, India.
  5. Bhar, R. 1998. Performance of crossbred (Landrace${\times}$Desi) grower and finisher barrows fed on wheat bran and deoiled ricebran based grain replaced diets. Ph.D. Thesis. Deemed University, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh.
  6. Bhar, R., N. N. Pathak and S. Paul. 2000. Performance of crossbred (Landrace${\times}$local Indian) finisher barrows fed maize or wheat bran based diets : short note. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 13:1428-1432.
  7. Bhar, R., N. N. Pathak and S. Paul. 2001. Performance of crossbred (Landrace${\times}$Local Indian) grower pig on maize replaced wheat bran and deoiled rice bran based diets. Ind. J. Anim. Sci. 71:165-168.
  8. Borin, J. H., J. N. Gai and J. C. G. L-da Silveira. 1988. Effect of adding different amounts of defatted rice bran to diets for pigs during the growing and finishing periods. Revista-da-Sociedada-Brasileira-de-Zootecnia, 17:552-562.
  9. Britt, J. H., J. D. Armstrong and N. M. Cox. 1988. Metabolic interfaces between nutrition and reproduction in pigs. Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Vol. 5:117-125.
  10. Brooks, C. C. and I. G. Lumanta. 1975. Effect of rice bran on pig performance and carcasses. J. Anim. Sci. 41:308 (Abstr.).
  11. Conci, V. A., R. M. Magalhaes, P. E. Bender, N. A. Weiderkehr, M. F. G-de. Oliveira, M. S. S. da Costa, M. F. G. De-Oliveira and M. S. S. Da Costa. 1995. Evaluation of rice by products in swine nutrition. III. Integral rice bran for growing finishing. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Gaucha, 1:69-77.
  12. Doumas, B. T., W. A. Watson and H. G. Biggs. 1971. Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromocresol green. Clin. Chim. Acta, 31:87-97.
  13. Doumas, B. T. 1975. Standards for total serum protein assays-A collaborative study. Clin. Chem. 21:1159-1166.
  14. Duncan, D. B. 1965. Technometrics. In: Statistical methods, 6th Ed. (Ed. G. W. Snedecor and W. G. Cochran). Oxford and Indian Book House Publishing Co. New Delhi. p. 274.
  15. Dyck, G. W. 1988. Factors influencing sexual maturation, puberty and reproductive efficiency in the gilts. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 68:1-13. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas88-001
  16. Edington, J., M. Geekie, R. Carter, L. Benfield, K. Fisher, M. Ball and J. Mann. 1987. Effect of dietary cholesterol on plasma cholesterol concentration in subjects following reduced fat, high fibre diet. Br. Med. J. 294:233-236.
  17. Garg, A. K. and N. N. Pathak. 1983. Studies on feeding grainless ration to landrace sows. The Ind. J. Nutr. Dietet. 20:202-206.
  18. Hultmann, E. 1959. Rapid specific method for determination of aldohexoses (aldosaccharides) in body fluids. Nature, 103:108-109.
  19. Lal, M. and G. S. Makkar. 1976. Utilization of nutrient in agroindustrial by products by swine. Ind. J. Anim. Sci. 46:313-318.
  20. Lindemann, M. D., C. C. Brooks and E. T. Kornegay (undated) Evaluation of rice bran for growing finishing pig. Animal Science Report, Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, 5:10-13.
  21. McDonald, P., R. A. Edwards, J. F. D. Greenhalgh and C. A. Morgan. 1995. Metabolism. In: Animal Nutrition. Addison Wesley Longman, Harlow, United Kingdom. pp. 176-220.
  22. Mazur, A., C. Remesy and C. Demigne. 1990. The effect of high fibre diet on plasma lipoproteins and hormones in genetically obese Zucker rats. Eur. J. Clin. Inv. 20:600-606.
  23. National Research Council. 1988. Nutrient requirements of swine. 9th Ed National Academy Press. Washington, DC.
  24. Nicolaiewsky, S., J. D’Agostin, A. M. Penz-Juior and T. M. Bertol. 1989. Evaluation of rice bran as an alternative source of phosphorus in diets for growing and finishing pigs. Revista-da-Sociedade-Brasileira-de-Zootecnia, 18:260-266.
  25. Sharma, R. D. and C. Rukmini. 1986. Rice bran oil and hypo cholesterolemia in rats. Lipids. 21:715-717.
  26. Snedecor, G. W. and W. G. Cochran. 1967. Statistical methods, Oxford and Indian Book House Publishing Co. New Delhi.
  27. Soren, N. M. 2002. Performance of crossbred gilts fed on rice bran based diets. M.V.Sc. Thesis. Deemed University, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh.
  28. Stanogias, G. and G. R. Pearce. 1985. The digestion of fibre by pigs: 2. Volatile fatty acid concentrations in large intestine digesta. Br. J. Nutr. 53:531-536.
  29. Wybenga, D. R., V. J. Pileggi, P. H. Dirstine and J. D. Giorgio. 1970. Direct manual determination of serum total cholesterol with a single stable reagent, Clin. Chem. 16:980-984.
  30. Wybenga, D. R., J. D. Giorgio and V. J. Pileggi. 1971. Direct manual and automated methods for urea nitrogen measurement in whole serum. Clin. Chem. 17:981-895.

Cited by

  1. Effect of Feeding Cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) High Black Rice Bran on Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Measurements, Growth Performance and Pork Quality of Pigs vol.19, pp.12, 2003, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2006.1790
  2. Effect of Dietary Supplement, Base Mix, and/or Soybean Meal on Growing Pig Performance vol.10, pp.3, 2003, https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2020.103034
  3. Effect of Rice Bran Quality and Protein Supplement, Base Mix, and/or Soybean Meal on Growing Pig Performance in Cambodia vol.10, pp.4, 2003, https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2020.104046