The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science (농약과학회지)

The Korean Society of Pesticide Science (한국농약과학회)
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Mechanism of Sulfonylurea Herbicide Resistance in Broadleaf Weed, Monochoria korsakowii

광엽잡초 물옥잠의 Sulfonylurea 제초제에 대한 저항성 작용기작

  • Park, Tae-Seon (Department of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA) ;
  • Lhm, Yang-Bin (Department of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA) ;
  • Kyung, Kee-Sung (Department of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Su-Heon (Department of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA) ;
  • Park, Jae-Eup (Department of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Wan (Department of Plant Resources Science Hankyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Kil-Ung (Dept. of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Kyungpook National University)
  • 박태선 (농업과학기술원 작물보호부) ;
  • 임양빈 (농업과학기술원 작물보호부) ;
  • 경기성 (농업과학기술원 작물보호부) ;
  • 이수헌 (농업과학기술원 작물보호부) ;
  • 박재읍 (농업과학기술원 작물보호부) ;
  • 김태완 (한경대학교 농업생명과학대) ;
  • 김길웅 (경북대학교 농업생명과학대학)
  • Published : 2003.12.30
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Abstract

This experiment was carried out to study the resistant mechanism of sulfonylurea(SU) herbicides to Monochoria korsakowii occurring in the rice fields of Korea. The activity of acetolactate synthase(ALS), absorption and translocation of $[^{14C}]$bensulfuron-methyl, and DNA sequence of ALS genes were studied. The apparent SU resiatance to Monochoria korsakowii was confirmed in greenhouse testes. Fresh weight accumulation$(GR_{50})$ in the resistant biotype was about 5- to 64-fold higher in the presence of six SU herbicides compared to the susceptible biotype. The ALS activity isolated from the resistant biotype to herbicides tested was less sensitive than that of susceptible biotype. The concentration of herbicide required for 50% inhibition of ALS activity$(I_{50})$ was 14- to 76-fold higher as compared to the susceptible biotype. No differences were observed in the rates of $[^{14C}]$bensulfuron uptake and translocation. However, the DNA sequence from the resistant biotype differed from that of the susceptible biotype by single nucleotide substitution at three amino acid each in the middle region excluding the ends of ALS genes. We found three point mutations causing substitution of serine for threonine at amino acid 168, arginine for histidine at amino acid 189, and a aspartic acid for phenylalanine at amino acid 247, respectively, in the resistant biotype.

본 실험은 한국 논에서 발생하고 있는 물옥잠의 SU계 제초제에 대한 저항성 메카니즘을 구명하기 위하여 ALS 활성, $[^{14C}]$bensulfuron의 홉수이행 및 ALS 유전자의 DNA 염기서열을 분석하였다. 한국 논에서 광범위하게 사용 중인 6 종류의 SU 계 제초제들에 대하여 저항성이 확인되었는데, 저항성 생태형에 대한 생체중 50% 저해 제초제 농도 $(GR_{50})$는 감수성 생태형에 비하여 약 4배에서 64배까지 높았다. SU계 제초제들 에 대한 저항성 생태형의 ALS 활성은 감수성 생태형 보다 훨씬 덜 민감하게 반응하였으며, 저항성 생태형에 대한 SU계 제초제들의 $I_{50}$값은 감수성 생태형 보다 14배에서 76배까지 높게 나타났다. 생태형간 ALS 활성 차이의 원인을 구명하기 위하여 $[^{14C}]$bensulfuron의 홉수이행 차이를 조사한 결과 생태형간 뚜렷한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 저항성 및 감수성 생태형의 ALS 유전자 염기서열을 분석한 결과 저항성 생태형의 ALS 유전자 아미노산 서열 중 각각 하나의 염기치환에 의하여 168번째 threonine이 serine으로, 189번째 histidine이 arginine로, 247번째 aspartic acid가 glutamic acid로 변이 된 것이 확인되었다.

Keywords

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