Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Screening of Effective Components from Kale to Inhibit N - Nitrosodimethylamine Formation

케일로부터 N-Nitrosamine 생성을 억제시키는 유효성분의 검색

  • 정미자 (경상대학교 식품영양학과ㆍ농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 이수정 (경상대학교 식품영양학과ㆍ농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 최선영 (경상대학교 식품영양학과ㆍ농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 성낙주 (경상대학교 식품영양학과ㆍ농업생명과학연구원)
  • Published : 2003.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

An amine rich diet with nitrate was incubated in simulated saliva, gastric juice, kale juice, and its ascorbate and methanol soluble portions (5, 10, 15 and 30 mL) for 1 hr at 37$^{\circ}C$ and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was detected in the digestion sample, Kale juice and its ascorbate and methanol soluble portions at 30mL inhibited NDMA formation by 60.1$\pm$4.4%, 49.3$\pm$1.2% and 50.1$\pm$2.0%, respectively. The methanol soluble portion was further fractionated by preparative-LC (prep-LC). Nitrite-scavenging effects of 7 methanol soluble portion (Kl, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6 and K7) in kale juice were 2.0 ~56.2%. Among seven fractions, K3, K4, K5 and K7 exhibited weakly on nitrite scavenging effect. Fraction Kl and K2 inhibited NDMA formation by 71.0 and 65.5%, respectively. Fraction Kl and K2 was further separated by prep-LC into 6 subfractions (Kla, Klb, Klc, K2a, K2b and 2nc). Those subfractions inhibited NDMA formation by 40.9 ~80.4%. The K2a subfraction was screened by MS, $^1$H-NMR, $^{13}$ C-NMR and DEPT spectrum.

질간염과 함께 아민이 풍부한 식이에 케일 쥬스(0, 5, 10, 13 및 30mL)를 첨가하여 인공소화시킬 때 NDMA 생성에 미치는 영향을 시험한 결과, 모든 시험구에서 상기의 시료의 첨가량을 증가시킬수록 NDMtA 생성 억제효과가 높았다. 케일의 Sep-Pak $C_{18}$ 에 의 해 분리 된 메탄을 가용성 획분을 perp-LC로 분획하였고, 각각 분획물을 분취하여 아질산염 소거작용과 NDMA 생성억제효과를 실험 한 결과 Kl~K7 획분 중 Kl, K2에서 아질산염 소거작용이 높았으며, 역시 NDMA 생성억제효과도 71.0, 65.3%로 매우 높게 나타났다. 높은 억 제작용을 나타내는 Kl, K2를 Kla~K2c로 subfraction하여 NDMA 생성억제효과를 실험 한 결과 K2c 분획물 1mL 첨가를 제치하고는 모든 시료가 50%이상의 억제효과를 나타내었다 MDMA 생성억제 효과를 나타내는 K2a 단일 peak를 분리하여 정제한 후 IR, MS, $^1$H-NMR, $^{13}$C-NMR 과 DEPT spectrum을 이용하여 구조를 검색한 결과. K2a는 a-D-glucose 배당체를 가진 방향족 벤젠 화합물로 추정되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bartsh H, Ohshima H, Pignatell B. 1988. Inhibition of endogenous nitrosation mechanism and implications in human cancer prevention. Mutation Res 202: 307-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(88)90194-7
  2. Macrae R, Robinson RK, Sadler MJ. 1993. Encyclopedia of food science technolology and nutrition. Academic press, Javanovich HB Pub. Vol 5, p 3240-3249.
  3. Leaf CD, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR. 1989. Mechanisms of endogenous nitrosation. Cancer Surveys 8: 323-334.
  4. Sen NP, Smith DC, Schwinghamer L. 1969. Formation of N-nitrosamines from secondary amine and nitrite in human and animal gastric juice. Fd Cosmet Toxicol 7: 301-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-6264(69)80366-4
  5. Byers T, Perry G. 1992. Dietary carotenes, vitamin C and vitamin E as protective antioxidants in human cancers. Annu Rev Nutr 12: 135-159.
  6. Gray JI, Dugan JR. 1975. Inhibition of N-nitrosamine formation in model food systems. J Food Sci 40: 981-984. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1975.tb02248.x
  7. Kyrtopoulos SA. 1989. N-nitroso compound formation in human gastric juice. Cancer Surveys 8: 423-442.
  8. Forman D. 1989. Are nitrates a significant risk factor in human cancer? Cancer Surveys 8: 443-458.
  9. Fiddler W, Piotrowski EG, Pensabean JW, Doerr RC, Wasserman, AE. 1972. Effect of sodium nitrite concentration on N-nitrosodimethylamine formation in frankfurters. J Food Sci 37: 668-673. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1972.tb02721.x
  10. Davies R, Dennis MJ, Massey RC, McWeeny, DJ. 1978. Environmental Aspects of N-Nitroso Compounds. Walker EA, Casiegnaro M, Griciute L, Lyle RE, eds. IARC Sci. Publ. No. 19, Lyon. p 183-197.
  11. Pignatelli B, Friesen M, Walker EA. 1980. N-Nitroso Compounds : Analysis, Formation and Occurence. Walker EA, Castegnaro M, Griciute L, Bozonyi M, eds. IARC Sci. Publ. No. 31, Lyon. p 95-109.
  12. Walker EA, Pignatelli B, Friesen M. 1982. The role of phenols in catalysis of N-nitrosamine formation. J Sci Food Agric 33: 81-88. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740330115
  13. Kuenzig W, Chau J, Norkus E, Conney AH. 1984. Caffeic and ferulic acid as blockers of nitrosamine formation. Carcinogenesis 5: 309-315. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/5.3.309
  14. Moller ME, Dahl R, Bockman ODA. 1988. Possible role of the dietary fiber product, wheat bran, as a nitrite scavenger. Fd Chem Toxic 26: 841-845. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-6915(88)90024-5
  15. Block G. 1991. Vitamin C and cancer prevention: the epidemiological evidence. Am J Clin Nutr 53: 270S-280S.
  16. Kurechi T, Kikugawa K, Fukuda S. 1990. Nitrite-reacting substances in Japanese radish juice and their inhibition of nitrosamine formation. J Agric Food Chem 35: 257-259. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00074a022
  17. National Academy of Sciences. 1981. The health effects of nitrate, nitrite, and N-nitroso compounds. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  18. United States Department of Agriculture. 1975. Nutritional Values of American Food Handbook. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. p 456.
  19. Helser MA, Hotchkiss JH, Rao DA. 1992. Influence of fruit and vegetable juices on the endogenous formation of Nnitrosoproline and N-nitroso- thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in humans on controlled diets. Carcinogenesis 13: 2277- 2280. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/13.12.2277
  20. Seo A, Morr CV. 1984. Improved high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of phenolic acid and isoflavonoids from soybean protein. J Agric Food Chem 32: 530-533. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00123a028
  21. Spector WS. 1956. Handbook of biological data. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia & London. p 60-61.
  22. Hotchkiss JH, Barbour JF, Scanlan RA. 1980. Analysis of malted barley for N-nitrosodimethylamine. J Agric Food Chem 28: 678-682. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60229a025
  23. Sung NJ, Klausner KA, Hotchkiss JH. 1991. Influence of nitrate, ascorbic acid and nitrate reductase microorganisms on N-nitrosamine formation during Korean-style soysauce fermentation. Food Addit Contam 8: 291-304. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652039109373978
  24. Kato H, Lee IE, Chuyen NV, Kim SB, Hayase F. 1987. Inhibition of nitrosamine formation by nondialyzable melanoidin. Agric Bio Chem 51: 1333-1338. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.51.1333
  25. Kang YH, Park YK, Lee GD. 1996. The nitrite scavenging and electron donating ability of phenolic compounds (in Korean). Korean J Food Sci Technol 28: 232-239.
  26. Wakabayashi K, Nagao M, Ochiai M, Tahira T, Yamaizumi Z, Sugimura TA. 1985b. Mutagen precursor in Chinese cabbage, indole-3-acetonitrile, which becomes mutagenic on nitrite treatment. Mutation Res 143: 17-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-7992(85)90098-3
  27. Lin JY, Wang HI, Yeh YC. 1979. The mutagenicity of soy bean sauce. Fd Cosmet Toxicol 17: 329-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/0015-6264(79)90324-9
  28. Hirayama T. 1982. Hos Factors in Human Carcinogenesis. Bartsch H, Armstrong B, eds. IARC Sci. Publ. No. 39, Lyon. p 531-540.
  29. Tuyns AJ, Riboli E, Doombos G, Peguignot G. 1987. Diet and esophageal cancer in Calvados. Nutr Cancer 9: 91-92.
  30. Ho JHC. 1987. Changing Cancer Patterns and Topics in Cancer Epidermiology. Kurihata M, Aoki K, Miller RW, Muir CS, eds. Gann Monograph on Cancer Research No. 33. Japanese Cancer Association, Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo, Plenum Press, New York, London. p 157- 540.
  31. Raymond L, Infante F, Tuyns AJ, Voirol M, Lowenfels AB. 1987. Diet and cancer of the pancreas. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 11: 488-492.

Cited by

  1. Safety Effects against Nitrite and Nitrosamine as well as Anti-mutagenic Potentials of Kale and Angelica keiskei Vegetable Juices vol.43, pp.8, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.8.1207
  2. Safety and Anticancer Effects of Platycodon grandiflorum Extracts vol.44, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.4.516