Effects of Confinement and Transport Stress on Physiological Condition in Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus

가두기와 활어수송 스트레스가 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 생리조건에 미치는 영향

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  • William H. Neill (Texas A&M University)
  • Published : 2003.08.01

Abstract

Physiological responses (cortisol, glucose, lactic acid, osmolality and hematology) of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) to stressors associated with confinement and subsequent transport were investigated. Specimens were subjected to confinement stress for 3 h, prior to transport for 15 h. Two different size cohorts of the fish, large (839.6$\pm$162.7 g) and small (98.2$\pm$14.8 g), were used. Experimental cohorts of the fish were divided into 3 groups for blood sampling: group A, sampled at the beginning of confinement and 3 h before transport (BT, -3 h), after confinement and at the beginning of transport (BT, 0 h), 3 h after transport had begun (AT, 3 h), and after 15 h transport (AT, 15 h); group B, sampled at BT, 0 h, at AT, 3 h, and at AT, 15 h; and, group C, sampled at AT, 3 h, and at AT, 15 h. In the cohort of large fish, plasma cortisol levels of the A group were increased over time, from 4.2 ng/ml (BT,-3 h), to 92.0 ng/ml (BT, 0 h), 118.5 ng/ml (AT, 3 h) and 105.5 ng/ml (AT, 15 h). A similar pattern was evident in the B group, in which cortisol increased from 47.5 ng/ml (BT, 0 h) to 53.5 ng/ml (AT, 15 h); and, for the C group, in which cortisol increased from 43.5 ng/ml (AT, 3 h) to 71.5 ng/ml (AT, 15 h). Glucose levels of the A group also were significantly increased, from 39.5 mg/dl (BT,-3 h), to 121.0 mg/dl (BT, 0 h),298.0 mg/dl (AT, 3 h) and 260.5 mg/dl (AT, 15 h). Lactic acid levels increased markedly during transport, from less than 1 mmol/L (BT, 0 h) to 12.0 mmol/L (AT, 15 h). Plasma osmolality increased from 405.5 mOsm/kg (BT, -3 h, for group A) to values near 500 mOsM/kg subsequent to confinement and transport. In the small-size cohort, plasma cortisol, glucose, lactic acid and osmolality levels showed similar but less pronounced trends than those observed for the large-size cohort. This research provides baseline data on cortisol, glucose, lactic acid, osmolality and hematological responses to confinement and transport, which should be useful to aquaculturists working with olive flounder and to scientists studying other flatfish species.

활어수송전의 가두기와 활어수송 스트레스에 대한 넙치의 생리학적 반응을 조사하고자, 수송전후의 채혈시각에 따라 3그룹으로 나누어 실험하였다. 실험어류로 양식장에서 사육중인 넙치 성어(839.6$\pm$ 162.7 g, 넙치대)와 유어(98.2$\pm$14.8 g, 넙치소)를 이용하였다. 수송은 제주에서 부산까지 15시간 실시하였다. 넙치대의 cortisol농도는 수송 3시간전 4.2 ng/ml로부터 A그룹은 3시간 가두기후 92.0 ng/ml, 수송중 118.5 ng/ml, 수송직후 105.5 ng/ml로 차이를 나타냈다. B그룹은 3시간 가두기후 47.5 ng/ml, 수송직후 53.5 ng/ml로 높아졌다. C그룹은 수송중 43.5 ng/ml로부터 수송직후 71.5 ng/ml로 더욱 높아졌다. 넙치대치 glucose 농도는 수송 3시간전 39.5 mg/dl로부터 A그룹은 3시간 가두기후 121.0 mg/dl, 수송중 298.0 mg/dl, 수송직후 260.5 mg/dl로 높아졌다. Lactic acid농도는 넙치대에서 수송 3시간전 0.6 mmol/L로부터 수송직후에 A, B 및 C의 모든 그룹에서 0.9~12.0 mmol/L로 높아진 반면, 넙치소에서는 수송 3시간전 1.0 mmol/L로부터 수송직후까지 0.6~1.5 mmol/L로 낮았다. 넙치대의 삼투질 농도는 수송 3시간전 405.5 mOsm/kg으로부터 A그룹은 496.0~526.0 mOsm/kg, B그룹은 479.0~524.5 mOsm/kg, C그룹은 520.5~529.0 mOsm/kg으로 높아졌다. 결론적으로, 가두기 및 수송각업은 넙치의 혈장 cortisol, glucose, 삼투질 농도, ALT, hematocrit, 적혈구수 및 hemoglobin에 영향을 미쳤으며, 넙치소의 스트레스 반응은 넙치대 보다 적게 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 가두기와 활어수송시 혈액내 cortisol, glucose, lactic acid, 삼투질 농도 및 혈액의 일반성상에 대한 기준치를 제시함으로써, 넙치의 생산성 향상과 가자미류의 생리연구에 활용될 것이다.

Keywords

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